Biomaterial Database

Parental smoking produces long-term damage to vascular function in their children. 2013

Markus Juonala, and Costan G Magnussen, and Olli T Raitakari

Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. markus.juonala@utu.fi

OBJECTIVE This review provides an overview of recent findings concerning the cardiovascular effects of childhood exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). RESULTS Epidemiological studies have shown that childhood ETS exposure is associated with increased occurrence of several cardiovascular risk factors, including obesity, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome. Several cross-sectional analyses have found that ETS adversely affects arterial structure (increased intima-media thickness) and function (decreased elasticity and endothelial function). In addition, recent findings suggest that individuals exposed in childhood have significantly reduced brachial artery endothelial function 20 years later in adulthood. Importantly, this effect could not be explained by adult risk factor levels or smoking behaviors. So far, results from intervention studies to promote parental smoking cessation have been disappointing, with an average success rate of less than 25% in intervention studies. CONCLUSIONS Childhood ETS exposure is strongly associated with both cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical markers of atherosclerosis. As present, intervention strategies for parental smoking cessation seem inadequate; there is an urgent need for innovative intervention strategies to protect children from the detrimental effects of ETS.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010290	Parents	Persons functioning as natural, adoptive, or substitute parents. The heading includes the concept of parenthood as well as preparation for becoming a parent.	Step-Parents,Parental Age,Parenthood Status,Stepparent,Age, Parental,Ages, Parental,Parent,Parental Ages,Status, Parenthood,Step Parents,Step-Parent,Stepparents
D002318	Cardiovascular Diseases	Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.	Adverse Cardiac Event,Cardiac Events,Major Adverse Cardiac Events,Adverse Cardiac Events,Cardiac Event,Cardiac Event, Adverse,Cardiac Events, Adverse,Cardiovascular Disease,Disease, Cardiovascular,Event, Cardiac
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012307	Risk Factors	An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, inborn or inherited characteristic, which, based on epidemiological evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.	Health Correlates,Risk Factor Scores,Risk Scores,Social Risk Factors,Population at Risk,Populations at Risk,Correlates, Health,Factor, Risk,Factor, Social Risk,Factors, Social Risk,Risk Factor,Risk Factor Score,Risk Factor, Social,Risk Factors, Social,Risk Score,Score, Risk,Score, Risk Factor,Social Risk Factor
D014028	Tobacco Smoke Pollution	Contamination of the air by tobacco smoke.	Air Pollution, Tobacco Smoke,Environmental Pollution, Tobacco Smoke,Passive Smoking,Smoking, Passive,Environmental Smoke Pollution, Tobacco,Environmental Tobacco Smoke Pollution,Involuntary Smoking,Second Hand Smoke,Secondhand Smoke,Secondhand Smoking,Hand Smoke, Second,Hand Smokes, Second,Involuntary Smokings,Passive Smokings,Pollution, Tobacco Smoke,Pollutions, Tobacco Smoke,Second Hand Smokes,Secondhand Smokes,Secondhand Smokings,Smoke Pollution, Tobacco,Smoke Pollutions, Tobacco,Smoke, Second Hand,Smoke, Secondhand,Smokes, Second Hand,Smokes, Secondhand,Smoking, Involuntary,Smoking, Secondhand,Smokings, Involuntary,Smokings, Passive,Smokings, Secondhand,Tobacco Smoke Pollutions
D014664	Vasodilation	The physiological widening of BLOOD VESSELS by relaxing the underlying VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE.	Vasodilatation,Vasorelaxation,Vascular Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation,Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation, Vascular,Relaxation, Vascular Endothelium-Dependent,Vascular Endothelium Dependent Relaxation
D016540	Smoking Cessation	Discontinuing the habit of SMOKING.	Giving Up Smoking,Quitting Smoking,Stopping Smoking,Cessation, Smoking,Smoking Cessations,Smoking, Giving Up,Smoking, Quitting,Smoking, Stopping,Smokings, Giving Up,Up Smoking, Giving
D050197	Atherosclerosis	A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA.	Atherogenesis,Atherogeneses,Atheroscleroses
D058070	Asymptomatic Diseases	Diseases that do not exhibit symptoms.	Asymptomatic Conditions,Asymptomatic States,Pre-Symptomatic Diseases,Presymptomatic Diseases,Asymptomatic Condition,Asymptomatic Disease,Asymptomatic State,Condition, Asymptomatic,Disease, Asymptomatic,Disease, Pre-Symptomatic,Disease, Presymptomatic,Pre-Symptomatic Disease,Presymptomatic Disease