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Silencing tankyrase and telomerase promotes A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell apoptosis and inhibits proliferation. 2013

Hongda Lu, and Zhang Lei, and Zhongxin Lu, and Qianming Lu, and Chi Lu, and Weiqun Chen, and Chun Wang, and Qiu Tang, and Qingzhi Kong
Department of Oncology, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China.

Telomeres are the end structures of chromosomes in mammalian cells; they play a pivotal role in maintaining the stability of the chromosome and become shorter with each cell division. However, several types of tumor cells express telomerase in very high levels to overcome this crisis and achieve the ability to proliferate endlessly. The telomerase inhibitors can partly inhibit tumor cell proliferation and promote apoptosis, but their roles are only limited. Tankyrase is a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase which has synergistic effect on telomerase, and is expressed in lung cancer cells in high levels. In the present study, antisense oligonucleotides of telomerase (ashTERT) and tankyrase (asTANKS) were used as specific inhibitors to silence the expression of target genes in A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells by transfection. The results showed that ashTERT and asTANKS suppressed the expression of telomerase and tankyrase significantly; both inhibited the activity of telomerase and the combination group achieved better effect, but only ashTERT shortened the length of telomeres, asTANKS did not. Further studies showed that ashTERT and asTANKS-promoted A549 apoptosis was not mediated by downregulation of the expression of the anti-apoptotic gene BCL-2 or upregulation of the expression of the pro-apoptotic gene BAX, but by adjusting the two isoforms proportion of myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL-1) which can interact with tankyrase directly. MCL-1short (MCL-1S), a pro-apoptotic gene, increased more than MCL-1Long (MCL-1L) which is an anti-apoptotic gene, leading to A549 cell apoptosis and a similar result was obtained in nude mice in vivo. The present study suggests that combination of the inhibitors of telomerase and tankyrase can be used as a strategy for the treatment of lung cancer in humans.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008175 Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG. Cancer of Lung,Lung Cancer,Pulmonary Cancer,Pulmonary Neoplasms,Cancer of the Lung,Neoplasms, Lung,Neoplasms, Pulmonary,Cancer, Lung,Cancer, Pulmonary,Cancers, Lung,Cancers, Pulmonary,Lung Cancers,Lung Neoplasm,Neoplasm, Lung,Neoplasm, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Cancers,Pulmonary Neoplasm
D008807 Mice, Inbred BALB C An inbred strain of mouse that is widely used in IMMUNOLOGY studies and cancer research. BALB C Mice, Inbred,BALB C Mouse, Inbred,Inbred BALB C Mice,Inbred BALB C Mouse,Mice, BALB C,Mouse, BALB C,Mouse, Inbred BALB C,BALB C Mice,BALB C Mouse
D008819 Mice, Nude Mutant mice homozygous for the recessive gene "nude" which fail to develop a thymus. They are useful in tumor studies and studies on immune responses. Athymic Mice,Mice, Athymic,Nude Mice,Mouse, Athymic,Mouse, Nude,Athymic Mouse,Nude Mouse
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000077192 Adenocarcinoma of Lung A carcinoma originating in the lung and the most common lung cancer type in never-smokers. Malignant cells exhibit distinct features such as glandular epithelial, or tubular morphology. Mutations in KRAS, EGFR, BRAF, and ERBB2 genes are associated with this cancer. Lung Adenocarcinoma,Adenocarcinoma, Lung,Adenocarcinomas, Lung,Lung Adenocarcinomas
D000230 Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell,Adenocarcinoma, Granular Cell,Adenocarcinoma, Oxyphilic,Adenocarcinoma, Tubular,Adenoma, Malignant,Carcinoma, Cribriform,Carcinoma, Granular Cell,Carcinoma, Tubular,Adenocarcinomas,Adenocarcinomas, Basal Cell,Adenocarcinomas, Granular Cell,Adenocarcinomas, Oxyphilic,Adenocarcinomas, Tubular,Adenomas, Malignant,Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma,Basal Cell Adenocarcinomas,Carcinomas, Cribriform,Carcinomas, Granular Cell,Carcinomas, Tubular,Cribriform Carcinoma,Cribriform Carcinomas,Granular Cell Adenocarcinoma,Granular Cell Adenocarcinomas,Granular Cell Carcinoma,Granular Cell Carcinomas,Malignant Adenoma,Malignant Adenomas,Oxyphilic Adenocarcinoma,Oxyphilic Adenocarcinomas,Tubular Adenocarcinoma,Tubular Adenocarcinomas,Tubular Carcinoma,Tubular Carcinomas
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014162 Transfection The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES. Transfections
D016376 Oligonucleotides, Antisense Short fragments of DNA or RNA that are used to alter the function of target RNAs or DNAs to which they hybridize. Anti-Sense Oligonucleotide,Antisense Oligonucleotide,Antisense Oligonucleotides,Anti-Sense Oligonucleotides,Anti Sense Oligonucleotide,Anti Sense Oligonucleotides,Oligonucleotide, Anti-Sense,Oligonucleotide, Antisense,Oligonucleotides, Anti-Sense

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