| D006984 |
Hypertrophy |
General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells (HYPERPLASIA). |
Hypertrophies |
|
| D009124 |
Muscle Proteins |
The protein constituents of muscle, the major ones being ACTINS and MYOSINS. More than a dozen accessory proteins exist including TROPONIN; TROPOMYOSIN; and DYSTROPHIN. |
Muscle Protein,Protein, Muscle,Proteins, Muscle |
|
| D010766 |
Phosphorylation |
The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety. |
Phosphorylations |
|
| D010805 |
Physical Conditioning, Animal |
Diet modification and physical exercise to improve the ability of animals to perform physical activities. |
Animal Physical Conditioning,Animal Physical Conditionings,Conditioning, Animal Physical,Conditionings, Animal Physical,Physical Conditionings, Animal |
|
| D010807 |
Physical Endurance |
The time span between the beginning of physical activity by an individual and the termination because of exhaustion. |
Endurance, Physical,Physical Stamina,Stamina, Physical |
|
| D004558 |
Electric Stimulation |
Use of electric potential or currents to elicit biological responses. |
Stimulation, Electric,Electrical Stimulation,Electric Stimulations,Electrical Stimulations,Stimulation, Electrical,Stimulations, Electric,Stimulations, Electrical |
|
| D000818 |
Animals |
Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. |
Animal,Metazoa,Animalia |
|
| D015398 |
Signal Transduction |
The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway. |
Cell Signaling,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Pathways,Receptor Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Transduction Pathways,Signal Transduction Systems,Pathway, Signal,Pathway, Signal Transduction,Pathways, Signal,Pathways, Signal Transduction,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transductions,Signal Pathway,Signal Transduction Pathway,Signal Transduction System,Signal Transduction, Receptor-Mediated,Signal Transductions,Signal Transductions, Receptor-Mediated,System, Signal Transduction,Systems, Signal Transduction,Transduction, Signal,Transductions, Signal |
|
| D048052 |
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 |
A 44-kDa extracellular signal-regulated MAP kinase that may play a role the initiation and regulation of MEIOSIS; MITOSIS; and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells. It phosphorylates a number of TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; and MICROTUBULE-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS. |
Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1,ERK1 Kinase,MAPK3 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase,Meiosis-Activated Myelin Basic Protein Kinase p44(mpk),Microtubule-Associated Protein-2 Kinase,PSTkinase p44mpk,Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinase p44(mpk),p44 MAPK,Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinase 1,Kinase, ERK1,Kinase, Microtubule-Associated Protein-2,MAPK3 Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase,Microtubule Associated Protein 2 Kinase,Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase 3,p44mpk, PSTkinase |
|
| D051381 |
Rats |
The common name for the genus Rattus. |
Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus |
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