Determination of avilamycin as dichloroisoeverninic acid in poultry and porcine muscles by isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. 2013

Clare Ho, and Yiu-Tung Wong
Analytical and Advisory Services Division, Government Laboratory, 7/F, Ho Man Tin Government Offices, 88, Chung Hau Street, Ho Man Tin, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.

Avilamycin residue in food is regulated as its marker residue dichloroisoeverninic acid (DIA). An isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method is established for the accurate determination of DIA in animal muscles without any pre-extraction and preconcentration prior to alkaline hydrolysis. Optimization of the sample cleanup procedures such as liquid-liquid extraction and solid phase extraction was performed by fine-tuning several critical parameters to reduce the matrix effects. Quantification of DIA in edible muscle was accomplished by using matrix-matched calibration with dichloroisoeverninic acid-d6 as internal standard. The method was validated with DIA and avilamycin-fortified poultry and porcine muscles at three different levels (25, 50, and 100 μg/kg). Conversion of avilamycin to DIA by alkaline hydrolysis was ≥92%. The recoveries of DIA in both muscles at three fortification levels ranged from 94 to 106% and RSDs were ≤11% in all cases. The estimated limit of detection values in poultry and porcine muscles were 2.7 and 0.7 μg/kg, respectively. The estimated limit of quantitation values in poultry and porcine muscles were 8.3 and 2.4 μg/kg, respectively. This method is suitable for routine monitoring of avilamycin residue in food safety surveillance programs.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007554 Isotopes Atomic species differing in mass number but having the same atomic number. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) Isotope
D008460 Meat The edible portions of any animal used for food including cattle, swine, goats/sheep, poultry, fish, shellfish, and game. Meats
D009132 Muscles Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals. Muscle Tissue,Muscle,Muscle Tissues,Tissue, Muscle,Tissues, Muscle
D009844 Oligosaccharides Carbohydrates consisting of between two (DISACCHARIDES) and ten MONOSACCHARIDES connected by either an alpha- or beta-glycosidic link. They are found throughout nature in both the free and bound form. Oligosaccharide
D010226 Parabens Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872) 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acids,Paraben,para-Hydroxybenzoic Acids,4 Hydroxybenzoic Acids,para Hydroxybenzoic Acids
D011200 Poultry Domesticated birds raised for food. It typically includes CHICKENS; TURKEYS, DUCKS; GEESE; and others. Fowls, Domestic,Domestic Fowl,Domestic Fowls,Fowl, Domestic,Poultries
D002713 Chlorine An element with atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 35, and member of the halogen family. Chlorine Gas,Chlorine-35,Cl2 Gas,Chlorine 35,Gas, Chlorine,Gas, Cl2
D002853 Chromatography, Liquid Chromatographic techniques in which the mobile phase is a liquid. Liquid Chromatography
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000900 Anti-Bacterial Agents Substances that inhibit the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA. Anti-Bacterial Agent,Anti-Bacterial Compound,Anti-Mycobacterial Agent,Antibacterial Agent,Antibiotics,Antimycobacterial Agent,Bacteriocidal Agent,Bacteriocide,Anti-Bacterial Compounds,Anti-Mycobacterial Agents,Antibacterial Agents,Antibiotic,Antimycobacterial Agents,Bacteriocidal Agents,Bacteriocides,Agent, Anti-Bacterial,Agent, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agent, Antibacterial,Agent, Antimycobacterial,Agent, Bacteriocidal,Agents, Anti-Bacterial,Agents, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agents, Antibacterial,Agents, Antimycobacterial,Agents, Bacteriocidal,Anti Bacterial Agent,Anti Bacterial Agents,Anti Bacterial Compound,Anti Bacterial Compounds,Anti Mycobacterial Agent,Anti Mycobacterial Agents,Compound, Anti-Bacterial,Compounds, Anti-Bacterial

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