Biomaterial Database

Neuropathologic observations in congenital phrenic nerve palsy. 1990

E C Alvord, and E J Austin, and C P Larson

Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195.

A right phrenic nerve palsy with severe respiratory and feeding difficulties throughout the patient's 2 1/2 years of survival was found at autopsy to relate to grossly complete atrophy of the muscle of the right diaphragm. An oblique fibrotic scar transected the right phrenic nerve at the level of the brachial plexus. There was marked reduction of the number of anterior motor neurons in the right central portion of cervical segments 2, 3, and 4. The lesion in the phrenic nerve is what would be expected following stretching during delivery.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D009410	Nerve Degeneration	Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways.	Neuron Degeneration,Degeneration, Nerve,Degeneration, Neuron,Degenerations, Nerve,Degenerations, Neuron,Nerve Degenerations,Neuron Degenerations
D009413	Nerve Fibers, Myelinated	A class of nerve fibers as defined by their structure, specifically the nerve sheath arrangement. The AXONS of the myelinated nerve fibers are completely encased in a MYELIN SHEATH. They are fibers of relatively large and varied diameters. Their NEURAL CONDUCTION rates are faster than those of the unmyelinated nerve fibers (NERVE FIBERS, UNMYELINATED). Myelinated nerve fibers are present in somatic and autonomic nerves.	A Fibers,B Fibers,Fiber, Myelinated Nerve,Fibers, Myelinated Nerve,Myelinated Nerve Fiber,Myelinated Nerve Fibers,Nerve Fiber, Myelinated
D010791	Phrenic Nerve	The motor nerve of the diaphragm. The phrenic nerve fibers originate in the cervical spinal column (mostly C4) and travel through the cervical plexus to the diaphragm.	Nerve, Phrenic,Nerves, Phrenic,Phrenic Nerves
D012133	Respiratory Paralysis	Complete or severe weakness of the muscles of respiration. This condition may be associated with MOTOR NEURON DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION DISEASES; SPINAL CORD DISEASES; injury to the PHRENIC NERVE; and other disorders.	Diaphragmatic Paralysis,Paralysis, Respiratory Muscle,Muscle Paralyses, Respiratory,Muscle Paralysis, Respiratory,Paralysis, Diaphragmatic,Paralysis, Respiratory,Respiratory Muscle Paralysis
D001720	Birth Injuries	Mechanical or anoxic trauma incurred by the infant during labor or delivery.	Injuries, Birth,Birth Injury,Injury, Birth
D001917	Brachial Plexus	The large network of nerve fibers which distributes the innervation of the upper extremity. The brachial plexus extends from the neck into the axilla. In humans, the nerves of the plexus usually originate from the lower cervical and the first thoracic spinal cord segments (C5-C8 and T1), but variations are not uncommon.	Plexus, Brachial
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D003196	Computer Graphics	The process of pictorial communication, between human and computers, in which the computer input and output have the form of charts, drawings, or other appropriate pictorial representation.	Computer Graphic,Graphic, Computer,Graphics, Computer
D005355	Fibrosis	Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.	Cirrhosis,Fibroses