Biomaterial Database

Preclinical evaluation of illudins as anticancer agents: basis for selective cytotoxicity. 1990

M J Kelner, and T C McMorris, and R Taetle

Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego.

Illudins are potent natural products derived from Omphalotus illudens and related fungi. The chemical structure of illudins differs from that of other conventional chemotherapeutic agents. While illudins are toxic to most tumor cells after prolonged exposure (greater than or equal to 48 hr), with shorter exposure times (less than or equal to 2 hr), they show selective toxicity for human myelocytic leukemia and epidermoid, lung, ovarian, and breast carcinoma cells of various species of origin. The apparent histologic specificity of illudin S toxicity is based on an energy-dependent transport mechanism present in sensitive cells, but absent in cells relatively resistant to illudin S. For human myeloid leukemia HL60 cells, the Michaelis constant was 4.2 microM and the maximum velocity was 12.2 pmol/minute per 10 million cells or 730 pmol/hour per 10 million cells. The energy-dependent transport mechanism was detected in other mammalian tumor cells.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D002460	Cell Line	Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.	Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell
D002470	Cell Survival	The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.	Cell Viability,Cell Viabilities,Survival, Cell,Viabilities, Cell,Viability, Cell
D004354	Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor	Methods of investigating the effectiveness of anticancer cytotoxic drugs and biologic inhibitors. These include in vitro cell-kill models and cytostatic dye exclusion tests as well as in vivo measurement of tumor growth parameters in laboratory animals.	Anticancer Drug Sensitivity Tests,Antitumor Drug Screens,Cancer Drug Tests,Drug Screening Tests, Tumor-Specific,Dye Exclusion Assays, Antitumor,Anti-Cancer Drug Screens,Antitumor Drug Screening Assays,Tumor-Specific Drug Screening Tests,Anti Cancer Drug Screens,Anti-Cancer Drug Screen,Antitumor Drug Screen,Cancer Drug Test,Drug Screen, Anti-Cancer,Drug Screen, Antitumor,Drug Screening Tests, Tumor Specific,Drug Screens, Anti-Cancer,Drug Screens, Antitumor,Drug Test, Cancer,Drug Tests, Cancer,Screen, Anti-Cancer Drug,Screen, Antitumor Drug,Screens, Anti-Cancer Drug,Screens, Antitumor Drug,Test, Cancer Drug,Tests, Cancer Drug,Tumor Specific Drug Screening Tests
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000081223	Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes	Sesquiterpenes that contain two or more ring structures	Caryophyllane,Caryophyllane Derivative,Caryophyllane Derivatives,Caryophyllanes,Eremophilane,Eremophilane Derivative,Eremophilane Derivatives,Eremophilanes,Polycyclic Sesquiterpene,Valerane,Valerane Derivative,Valerane Derivatives,Valeranes,Derivative, Caryophyllane,Derivative, Eremophilane,Derivative, Valerane,Derivatives, Caryophyllane,Derivatives, Eremophilane,Derivatives, Valerane,Sesquiterpene, Polycyclic,Sesquiterpenes, Polycyclic
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000903	Antibiotics, Antineoplastic	Chemical substances, produced by microorganisms, inhibiting or preventing the proliferation of neoplasms.	Antineoplastic Antibiotics,Cytotoxic Antibiotics,Antibiotics, Cytotoxic
D001692	Biological Transport	The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.	Transport, Biological,Biologic Transport,Transport, Biologic
D012717	Sesquiterpenes	Fifteen-carbon compounds formed from three isoprenoid units with general formula C15H24.	Farnesanes,Farnesene,Farnesenes,Sesquiterpene,Sesquiterpene Derivatives,Sesquiterpenoid,Sesquiterpenoids,Derivatives, Sesquiterpene