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Phosphorus digestibility and concentration of digestible and metabolizable energy in corn, corn coproducts, and bakery meal fed to growing pigs. 2013

O J Rojas, and Y Liu, and H H Stein
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.

Two experiments were conducted to determine the standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P and the concentration of DE and ME in corn, hominy feed, bakery meal, distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, and corn germ meal fed to growing pigs. In Exp. 1, 84 barrows (initial BW: 13.7±2.3 kg) were placed in metabolism cages and allotted to 14 diets with 6 replicate pigs per diet in a randomized complete block design. Seven diets were formulated to contain corn, hominy feed, bakery meal, DDGS, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, or corn germ meal as the sole source of P. Seven additional diets were similar to the initial 7 diets with the exception that 600 units of microbial phytase was included in each diet. The STTD of P was greater (P<0.05) in DDGS, corn gluten meal, and corn gluten feed than in corn, hominy feed, bakery meal, and corn germ meal, and the STTD of P was also greater (P<0.05) in bakery meal than in corn and hominy feed. Addition of phytase increased (P<0.05) the STTD of P in corn, hominy feed, bakery meal, and corn germ meal but not in corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, or DDGS. In Exp. 2, 56 barrows (initial BW: 14.6±2.2 kg) were placed in metabolism cages and allotted to 7 diets with 8 replicate pigs per diet in a randomized complete block design. A corn-based diet consisting of 97.5% corn and vitamins and minerals was formulated. Four additional diets were formulated by mixing corn and DDGS, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, or corn germ meal, and 2 diets were based on hominy feed or bakery meal. The concentration of ME was 3,891, 3,675, 3,655, 3,694, 4,400, 3,169, and 3,150 kcal/kg DM in corn, hominy feed, bakery meal, DDGS, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, and corn germ meal, respectively. The ME (DM basis) in corn was greater (P<0.05) than in hominy feed, bakery meal, corn gluten feed, and corn germ meal, but less (P<0.05) than in corn gluten meal, and the ME in hominy feed, bakery meal, and DDGS was greater (P<0.05) than in corn gluten feed and corn germ meal. In conclusion, DDGS, corn gluten meal, and corn gluten feed have a greater STTD of P than corn, hominy feed, bakery meal, and corn germ meal, but phytase can be included in diets containing corn, hominy feed, bakery meal, and corn germ meal to improve P digestibility. The ME in corn gluten meal is greater than in bakery meal, corn, and other corn coproducts.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D010758 Phosphorus A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions. Black Phosphorus,Phosphorus-31,Red Phosphorus,White Phosphorus,Yellow Phosphorus,Phosphorus 31,Phosphorus, Black,Phosphorus, Red,Phosphorus, White,Phosphorus, Yellow
D003313 Zea mays A plant species of the family POACEAE. It is a tall grass grown for its EDIBLE GRAIN, corn, used as food and animal FODDER. Corn,Indian Corn,Maize,Teosinte,Zea,Corn, Indian
D004032 Diet Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal. Diets
D004063 Digestion The process of breakdown of food for metabolism and use by the body.
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000821 Animal Feed Foodstuff used especially for domestic and laboratory animals, or livestock. Fodder,Animal Feeds,Feed, Animal,Feeds, Animal,Fodders
D000824 Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena Nutritional physiology of animals. Animal Nutrition Physiology,Animal Nutritional Physiology Phenomena,Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomenon,Animal Nutritional Physiology,Animal Nutritional Physiology Phenomenon,Veterinary Nutritional Physiology,Nutrition Physiologies, Animal,Nutrition Physiology, Animal,Nutritional Physiology, Animal,Nutritional Physiology, Veterinary,Physiology, Animal Nutrition,Physiology, Animal Nutritional,Physiology, Veterinary Nutritional
D013552 Swine Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA). Phacochoerus,Pigs,Suidae,Warthogs,Wart Hogs,Hog, Wart,Hogs, Wart,Wart Hog

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