Comorbidities associated with vitiligo: a ten-year retrospective study. 2013

Vaneeta M Sheth, and Ye Guo, and Abrar A Qureshi
Clinical Research Program, Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass., USA.

BACKGROUND Vitiligo is a common disorder of depigmentation that has been associated with other autoimmune diseases. No recent large-scale data exist on the rates of comorbidities associated with vitiligo from the United States population. OBJECTIVE To identify the prevalence of comorbidities as well as associated laboratory abnormalities in vitiligo patients. METHODS All medical records dating from January 1, 2000 to June 21, 2011 within the Research Patient Data Repository were evaluated retrospectively using a novel artificial intelligence-based computer program. A total of 3,280 patients carrying the diagnosis of vitiligo were identified using ICD-9 code 709.01. We randomly selected 300 patients and validated the diagnosis by manually reviewing their medical records. These results were used to create a model that was then applied to the larger set yielding 2,441 true vitiligo patients. 1,657 (68%) were diagnosed by dermatologists and 784 (32%) by non-dermatologists. We identified the prevalence of other comorbid autoimmune conditions by searching problem lists of vitiligo patients and collected laboratory data from the first available data point in the system for each patient. RESULTS Women were more frequently represented (57.6%) than men (42.4%). The majority of vitiligo patients were White/Caucasian (56.9%), followed by Hispanic/Latino (19.4%). 565 (23%) had one of the following comorbidities: 287 thyroid-related, 186 psoriasis, 72 rheumatoid arthritis, 59 alopecia areata, 55 inflammatory bowel disease, 53 systemic lupus and 20 type I diabetes mellitus. 41% had elevated anti-nuclear antibody levels. Almost half of the patients tested had elevated thyroid peroxidase antibodies. Over 50% of the patients tested had low or insufficient levels of 25-OH vitamin D. CONCLUSIONS We found a high prevalence of comorbidities among individuals with vitiligo presenting to teaching hospitals in Boston, Mass. Comorbid autoimmune conditions were seen in 23% of vitiligo patients, thyroid disorders and psoriasis being the most common. Screening for these conditions, especially thyroid disorders, should be considered in vitiligo patients.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007453 Iodide Peroxidase A hemeprotein that catalyzes the oxidation of the iodide radical to iodine with the subsequent iodination of many organic compounds, particularly proteins. EC 1.11.1.8. Iodinase,Iodothyronine 5'-Deiodinase,Iodothyronine Deiodinase,Iodotyrosine Deiodase,Thyroid Peroxidase,Thyroxine 5'-Deiodinase,Thyroxine 5'-Monodeiodinase,5'-Deiodinase,Deiodinase,Iodotyrosine Deiodinase,Monodeiodinase,Reverse Triiodothyronine 5'-Deiodinase,T4-5'-Deiodinase,T4-Monodeiodinase,Tetraiodothyronine 5'-Deiodinase,Thyroxine Converting Enzyme,Triiodothyronine Deiodinase,5' Deiodinase,5'-Deiodinase, Iodothyronine,5'-Deiodinase, Reverse Triiodothyronine,5'-Deiodinase, Tetraiodothyronine,5'-Deiodinase, Thyroxine,5'-Monodeiodinase, Thyroxine,Deiodase, Iodotyrosine,Deiodinase, Iodothyronine,Deiodinase, Iodotyrosine,Deiodinase, Triiodothyronine,Enzyme, Thyroxine Converting,Iodothyronine 5' Deiodinase,Peroxidase, Iodide,Peroxidase, Thyroid,Reverse Triiodothyronine 5' Deiodinase,T4 5' Deiodinase,T4 Monodeiodinase,Tetraiodothyronine 5' Deiodinase,Thyroxine 5' Deiodinase,Thyroxine 5' Monodeiodinase,Triiodothyronine 5'-Deiodinase, Reverse
D008180 Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow. Libman-Sacks Disease,Lupus Erythematosus Disseminatus,Systemic Lupus Erythematosus,Disease, Libman-Sacks,Libman Sacks Disease
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D011565 Psoriasis A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis. Palmoplantaris Pustulosis,Pustular Psoriasis of Palms and Soles,Pustulosis Palmaris et Plantaris,Pustulosis of Palms and Soles,Psoriases
D001900 Boston City located in Massachusetts.
D003922 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence. Diabetes Mellitus, Brittle,Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Juvenile-Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis-Prone,Diabetes Mellitus, Sudden-Onset,Diabetes, Autoimmune,IDDM,Autoimmune Diabetes,Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, 1,Diabetes Mellitus, Type I,Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus 1,Juvenile-Onset Diabetes,Type 1 Diabetes,Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus,Brittle Diabetes Mellitus,Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Juvenile Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis Prone,Diabetes Mellitus, Sudden Onset,Diabetes, Juvenile-Onset,Diabetes, Type 1,Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus 1,Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus,Juvenile Onset Diabetes,Juvenile-Onset Diabetes Mellitus,Ketosis-Prone Diabetes Mellitus,Sudden-Onset Diabetes Mellitus
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000506 Alopecia Areata Loss of scalp and body hair involving microscopically inflammatory patchy areas. Alopecia Circumscripta

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