Genetic basis of congenital erythrocytosis: mutation update and online databases. 2014

Celeste Bento, and Melanie J Percy, and Betty Gardie, and Tabita Magalhães Maia, and Richard van Wijk, and Silverio Perrotta, and Fulvio Della Ragione, and Helena Almeida, and Cedric Rossi, and François Girodon, and Maria Aström, and Drorit Neumann, and Susanne Schnittger, and Britta Landin, and Milen Minkov, and Maria Luigia Randi, and Stéphane Richard, and Nicole Casadevall, and William Vainchenker, and Susana Rives, and Sylvie Hermouet, and M Leticia Ribeiro, and Mary Frances McMullin, and Holger Cario, and , and Aurelie Chauveau, and Anne-Paule Gimenez-Roqueplo, and Brigitte Bressac-de-Paillerets, and Didem Altindirek, and Felipe Lorenzo, and Frederic Lambert, and Harlev Dan, and Sophie Gad-Lapiteau, and Ana Catarina Oliveira, and Cédric Rossi, and Cristina Fraga, and Gennadiy Taradin, and Guillermo Martin-Nuñez, and Helena Vitória, and Herrera Diaz Aguado, and Jan Palmblad, and Julia Vidán, and Luis Relvas, and Maria Leticia Ribeiro, and Maria Luigi Larocca, and Maria Luigia Randi, and Maria Pedro Silveira, and Melanie Percy, and Mor Gross, and Ricardo Marques da Costa, and Soheir Beshara, and Tal Ben-Ami, and Valérie Ugo, and
Department of Hematology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.

Congenital erythrocytosis (CE), or congenital polycythemia, represents a rare and heterogeneous clinical entity. It is caused by deregulated red blood cell production where erythrocyte overproduction results in elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Primary congenital familial erythrocytosis is associated with low erythropoietin (Epo) levels and results from mutations in the Epo receptor gene (EPOR). Secondary CE arises from conditions causing tissue hypoxia and results in increased Epo production. These include hemoglobin variants with increased affinity for oxygen (HBB, HBA mutations), decreased production of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate due to BPGM mutations, or mutations in the genes involved in the hypoxia sensing pathway (VHL, EPAS1, and EGLN1). Depending on the affected gene, CE can be inherited either in an autosomal dominant or recessive mode, with sporadic cases arising de novo. Despite recent important discoveries in the molecular pathogenesis of CE, the molecular causes remain to be identified in about 70% of the patients. With the objective of collecting all the published and unpublished cases of CE the COST action MPN&MPNr-Euronet developed a comprehensive Internet-based database focusing on the registration of clinical history, hematological, biochemical, and molecular data (http://www.erythrocytosis.org/). In addition, unreported mutations are also curated in the corresponding Leiden Open Variation Database.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009154 Mutation Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations. Mutations
D011086 Polycythemia An increase in the total red cell mass of the blood. (Dorland, 27th ed) Erythrocytosis,Erythrocytoses,Polycythemias
D004921 Erythropoietin Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation.
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D015398 Signal Transduction The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway. Cell Signaling,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Pathways,Receptor Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Transduction Pathways,Signal Transduction Systems,Pathway, Signal,Pathway, Signal Transduction,Pathways, Signal,Pathways, Signal Transduction,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transductions,Signal Pathway,Signal Transduction Pathway,Signal Transduction System,Signal Transduction, Receptor-Mediated,Signal Transductions,Signal Transductions, Receptor-Mediated,System, Signal Transduction,Systems, Signal Transduction,Transduction, Signal,Transductions, Signal
D015687 Cell Hypoxia A condition of decreased oxygen content at the cellular level. Anoxia, Cellular,Cell Anoxia,Hypoxia, Cellular,Anoxia, Cell,Anoxias, Cell,Anoxias, Cellular,Cell Anoxias,Cell Hypoxias,Cellular Anoxia,Cellular Anoxias,Cellular Hypoxia,Cellular Hypoxias,Hypoxia, Cell,Hypoxias, Cell,Hypoxias, Cellular
D017467 Receptors, Erythropoietin Cell surface proteins that bind erythropoietin with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells. Erythropoietin Receptors,Erythropoietin Receptor,Receptor, Erythropoietin
D020022 Genetic Predisposition to Disease A latent susceptibility to disease at the genetic level, which may be activated under certain conditions. Genetic Predisposition,Genetic Susceptibility,Predisposition, Genetic,Susceptibility, Genetic,Genetic Predispositions,Genetic Susceptibilities,Predispositions, Genetic,Susceptibilities, Genetic
D020407 Internet A loose confederation of computer communication networks around the world. The networks that make up the Internet are connected through several backbone networks. The Internet grew out of the US Government ARPAnet project and was designed to facilitate information exchange. World Wide Web,Cyber Space,Cyberspace,Web, World Wide,Wide Web, World
D030541 Databases, Genetic Databases devoted to knowledge about specific genes and gene products. Genetic Databases,Genetic Sequence Databases,OMIM,Online Mendelian Inheritance In Man,Genetic Data Banks,Genetic Data Bases,Genetic Databanks,Genetic Information Databases,Bank, Genetic Data,Banks, Genetic Data,Data Bank, Genetic,Data Banks, Genetic,Data Base, Genetic,Data Bases, Genetic,Databank, Genetic,Databanks, Genetic,Database, Genetic,Database, Genetic Information,Database, Genetic Sequence,Databases, Genetic Information,Databases, Genetic Sequence,Genetic Data Bank,Genetic Data Base,Genetic Databank,Genetic Database,Genetic Information Database,Genetic Sequence Database,Information Database, Genetic,Information Databases, Genetic,Sequence Database, Genetic,Sequence Databases, Genetic

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