Biomaterial Database

Thiobarbiturate-induced histamine release in human skin mast cells. 1985

C A Hirshman, and R A Edelstein, and J M Ebertz, and J M Hanifin

Human skin mast cell preparations were incubated with thiopental, thiamylal, methohexital, and pentobarbital in concentrations ranging from 10(-5) M to 10(-3) M. Both thiopental- and thiamylal-induced dose-related histamine release, with thiamylal having a significantly greater effect than thiopental (P less than 0.05). In contrast, incubation of skin mast cell preparations with the same concentrations of pentobarbital and methohexital failed to increase histamine release above spontaneous levels at any concentration. The release of histamine by thiopental and thiamylal was not accompanied by the leakage of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). Although a demonstration of histamine release in vitro is not proof that clinical symptoms are causally related to histamine release in vivo, methohexital may be preferred as the induction agent in patients showing extreme sensitivity to histamine (asthmatics) or increased histamine releasability (atopics).

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007770	L-Lactate Dehydrogenase	A tetrameric enzyme that, along with the coenzyme NAD+, catalyzes the interconversion of LACTATE and PYRUVATE. In vertebrates, genes for three different subunits (LDH-A, LDH-B and LDH-C) exist.	Lactate Dehydrogenase,Dehydrogenase, L-Lactate,Dehydrogenase, Lactate,L Lactate Dehydrogenase
D008407	Mast Cells	Granulated cells that are found in almost all tissues, most abundantly in the skin and the gastrointestinal tract. Like the BASOPHILS, mast cells contain large amounts of HISTAMINE and HEPARIN. Unlike basophils, mast cells normally remain in the tissues and do not circulate in the blood. Mast cells, derived from the bone marrow stem cells, are regulated by the STEM CELL FACTOR.	Basophils, Tissue,Basophil, Tissue,Cell, Mast,Cells, Mast,Mast Cell,Tissue Basophil,Tissue Basophils
D008723	Methohexital	An intravenous anesthetic with a short duration of action that may be used for induction of anesthesia.	Methohexitone,Brevimytal Natrium,Brevital,Brietal,Brietal-Sodium,Methohexital Sodium,Methohexital, Monosodium Salt,Brietal Sodium,Monosodium Salt Methohexital,Natrium, Brevimytal,Sodium, Methohexital
D010424	Pentobarbital	A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236)	Mebubarbital,Mebumal,Diabutal,Etaminal,Ethaminal,Nembutal,Pentobarbital Sodium,Pentobarbital, Monosodium Salt,Pentobarbitone,Sagatal,Monosodium Salt Pentobarbital
D006636	Histamine Release	The secretion of histamine from mast cell and basophil granules by exocytosis. This can be initiated by a number of factors, all of which involve binding of IgE, cross-linked by antigen, to the mast cell or basophil's Fc receptors. Once released, histamine binds to a number of different target cell receptors and exerts a wide variety of effects.	Histamine Liberation,Histamine Liberations,Histamine Releases
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000777	Anesthetics	Agents capable of inducing a total or partial loss of sensation, especially tactile sensation and pain. They may act to induce general ANESTHESIA, in which an unconscious state is achieved, or may act locally to induce numbness or lack of sensation at a targeted site.	Anesthetic,Anesthetic Agents,Anesthetic Drugs,Anesthetic Effect,Anesthetic Effects,Agents, Anesthetic,Drugs, Anesthetic,Effect, Anesthetic,Effects, Anesthetic
D012867	Skin	The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.
D013840	Thiamylal	A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration, for the induction of general anesthesia, or for inducing a hypnotic state. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p919)	Thioquinalbarbitone,Surital,Thiamylal Sodium,Sodium, Thiamylal
D013858	Thiobarbiturates	Compounds in which one or more of the ketone groups on the pyrimidine ring of barbituric acid are replaced by thione groups.