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A liquid-phase ELISA and its use in the identification of epitopes on foot-and-mouth disease virus antigens. 1985

K C McCullough, and J R Crowther, and R N Butcher

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed which would detect antigen/antibody reactions in liquid-phase; that is under test conditions which should not alter the structure or reactivity of either antigen or antibody. This liquid-phase ELISA was at least as efficient, both qualitatively and quantitatively, as the double sandwich or antigen-trapping ELISA (Crowther and Abu Elzein, 1979), but six to eight times more sensitive than the indirect ELISA. The liquid-phase test can be used to assay both antisera and hybridoma cultures, and will show the greatest discrimination of antibody specificities. Since the liquid-phase ELISA will detect antibody/antigen reactions which are of direct relevance to the protective immune response in vivo (opsonisation; neutralisation of pathogen infectivity), it is recommended that this assay should be used to characterise the antibody reactivity of antisera and hybridoma culture supernatants.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007106 Immune Sera Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen. Antisera,Immune Serums,Sera, Immune,Serums, Immune
D004797 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed. ELISA,Assay, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Assays, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays,Immunosorbent Assay, Enzyme-Linked,Immunosorbent Assays, Enzyme-Linked
D005537 Aphthovirus A genus of the family PICORNAVIRIDAE infecting mainly cloven-hoofed animals. They cause vesicular lesions and upper respiratory tract infections. FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE VIRUS is the type species. Equine rhinitis A virus,Equine rhinovirus 1,Aphthoviruses
D006825 Hybridomas Cells artificially created by fusion of activated lymphocytes with neoplastic cells. The resulting hybrid cells are cloned and produce pure MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES or T-cell products, identical to those produced by the immunologically competent parent cell. Hybridoma
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000914 Antibodies, Viral Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS. Viral Antibodies
D000939 Epitopes Sites on an antigen that interact with specific antibodies. Antigenic Determinant,Antigenic Determinants,Antigenic Specificity,Epitope,Determinant, Antigenic,Determinants, Antigenic,Specificity, Antigenic
D000956 Antigens, Viral Substances elaborated by viruses that have antigenic activity. Viral Antigen,Viral Antigens,Antigen, Viral
D051379 Mice The common name for the genus Mus. Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus

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