The author presents a review of some experimental works devoted to the research of evolution of large-scale perturbations and turbulent mixing (TM) in liquid and gaseous media during the growth of hydrodynamic instabilities. In particular, it is shown that growth of perturbations and TM in gases is sensitive to the Mach number of shock wave; character of gas front penetration into liquid is not changed as the Reynolds number of flow increases from 5×10(5) to 10(7); and change of the Atwood number sign from positive to negative causes stopping of gas front penetration into liquid, but mixing zone width is expanded under inertia.