Biomaterial Database

Effect of gramicidin A and thallium ions on cation effluxes in frog sartorius muscle. 1985

N E Shvinka, and F V Toropova

The effluxes of potassium, rubidium, sodium and lithium from the sartorius muscle of Rana temporaria in magnesium-Ringer solution free of sodium and potassium have been studied with the flame-emission technique. The channel-forming antibiotic gramicidin A (2.5 X X10(-7)-1 X 10(-6) mol/l) enhanced the efflux of potassium and rubidium and increased the rate constants of these effluxes. Gramicidin had small if any effect on sodium and lithium effluxes and rate constants. After 60-100 min in a gramicidin-containing medium, the potassium efflux and the corresponding rate constant reached a steady-state level. This steady-state value depended on gramicidin concentration. Effect of gramicidin on both the potassium efflux and the rate constant was partially reversible. Thallium ions (2.5 X 10(-3) and 5 X 10(-3) mol/l) in sodium- and potassium- free magnesium Ringer solution caused a large increase in effluxes of all the cations examined (K+, Rb+ and Na+) both in presence and absence of gramicidin. Possible mechanisms of gramicidin and thallium effects are discussed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009132	Muscles	Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals.	Muscle Tissue,Muscle,Muscle Tissues,Tissue, Muscle,Tissues, Muscle
D011896	Rana temporaria	A species of the family Ranidae occurring in a wide variety of habitats from within the Arctic Circle to South Africa, Australia, etc.	European Common Frog,Frog, Common European,Common European Frog,Common Frog, European,European Frog, Common,Frog, European Common
D002414	Cations, Monovalent	Positively charged atoms, radicals or group of atoms with a valence of plus 1, which travel to the cathode or negative pole during electrolysis.	Monovalent Cation,Cation, Monovalent,Monovalent Cations
D002463	Cell Membrane Permeability	A quality of cell membranes which permits the passage of solvents and solutes into and out of cells.	Permeability, Cell Membrane
D006096	Gramicidin	A group of peptide antibiotics from BACILLUS brevis. Gramicidin C or S is a cyclic, ten-amino acid polypeptide and gramicidins A, B, D are linear. Gramicidin is one of the two principal components of TYROTHRICIN.	Gramicidin A,Gramicidin A(1),Gramicidin B,Gramicidin C,Gramicidin D,Gramicidin Dubos,Gramicidin J,Gramicidin K,Gramicidin NF,Gramicidin P,Gramicidin S,Gramicidins,Gramoderm,Linear Gramicidin,Gramicidin, Linear
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013793	Thallium	A heavy, bluish white metal, atomic number 81, atomic weight [204.382; 204.385], symbol Tl.	Thallium-205,Thallium 205