Biomaterial Database

Cellular and humoral factors in borderline hypertension. 1986

E Ambrosioni, and F V Costa, and C Borghi, and S Boschi, and A Mussi

In this article, we review the data about Na+ and K+ lymphocyte content in young subjects with borderline hypertension. These data indicate that many borderline subjects have an abnormally high lymphocyte Na+ content (Nai) and that their pressor response to stress and exercise is directly related to Nai. Lymphocyte K+ content (Ki) is increased in about 50% of borderline subjects. Subjects in whom Ki is high, in comparison with those having a normal Ki, have a lower Nai and lower diastolic blood pressure. This suggests that these subjects have an activation of some compensatory mechanism, possibly an increase in sodium pump function. A humoral factor causing an increase in Nai was detected not only in the plasma from essential hypertensives, but also in the plasma from borderline subjects and from normal subjects with familial hypertension having high Nai. This indirect evidence of a plasma factor impairing Na+ transport was confirmed by direct measurements of the plasma ability to inhibit Na+/K+ adenosine triphosphate. Moderate short-term dietary salt restriction reduces Nai and, proportionally, pressor response to stress. In the long-term, resting blood pressure is also reduced. Dietary K+ supplementation reduces pressor response to handgrip but not resting blood pressure. Intralymphocytic Na+ content is a good predictor of future sustained hypertension, since subjects with normal Nai do not develop hypertension within 5 years, whereas subjects with high Nai develop hypertension in 31% of cases. These subjects also have an altered pressor response to mental stress and do not respond to the low-salt diet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006973	Hypertension	Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	Blood Pressure, High,Blood Pressures, High,High Blood Pressure,High Blood Pressures
D007111	Immunity, Cellular	Manifestations of the immune response which are mediated by antigen-sensitized T-lymphocytes via lymphokines or direct cytotoxicity. This takes place in the absence of circulating antibody or where antibody plays a subordinate role.	Cell-Mediated Immunity,Cellular Immune Response,Cell Mediated Immunity,Cell-Mediated Immunities,Cellular Immune Responses,Cellular Immunities,Cellular Immunity,Immune Response, Cellular,Immune Responses, Cellular,Immunities, Cell-Mediated,Immunities, Cellular,Immunity, Cell-Mediated,Response, Cellular Immune
D007424	Intracellular Fluid	The fluid inside CELLS.	Fluid, Intracellular,Fluids, Intracellular,Intracellular Fluids
D008214	Lymphocytes	White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.	Lymphoid Cells,Cell, Lymphoid,Cells, Lymphoid,Lymphocyte,Lymphoid Cell
D011188	Potassium	An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
D001794	Blood Pressure	PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.	Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D004039	Diet, Sodium-Restricted	A diet which contains very little sodium chloride. It is prescribed by some for hypertension and for edematous states. (Dorland, 27th ed)	Diet, Low-Salt,Diet, Low-Sodium,Diet, Salt-Free,Diet, Low Salt,Diet, Low Sodium,Diet, Salt Free,Diet, Sodium Restricted,Diets, Low-Salt,Diets, Low-Sodium,Diets, Salt-Free,Diets, Sodium-Restricted,Low-Salt Diet,Low-Salt Diets,Low-Sodium Diet,Low-Sodium Diets,Salt-Free Diet,Salt-Free Diets,Sodium-Restricted Diet,Sodium-Restricted Diets
D006339	Heart Rate	The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.	Cardiac Rate,Chronotropism, Cardiac,Heart Rate Control,Heartbeat,Pulse Rate,Cardiac Chronotropy,Cardiac Chronotropism,Cardiac Rates,Chronotropy, Cardiac,Control, Heart Rate,Heart Rates,Heartbeats,Pulse Rates,Rate Control, Heart,Rate, Cardiac,Rate, Heart,Rate, Pulse
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000254	Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase	An enzyme that catalyzes the active transport system of sodium and potassium ions across the cell wall. Sodium and potassium ions are closely coupled with membrane ATPase which undergoes phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, thereby providing energy for transport of these ions against concentration gradients.	ATPase, Sodium, Potassium,Adenosinetriphosphatase, Sodium, Potassium,Na(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase,Na(+)-K(+)-Transporting ATPase,Potassium Pump,Sodium Pump,Sodium, Potassium ATPase,Sodium, Potassium Adenosinetriphosphatase,Sodium-Potassium Pump,Adenosine Triphosphatase, Sodium, Potassium,Na(+) K(+)-Transporting ATPase,Sodium, Potassium Adenosine Triphosphatase,ATPase Sodium, Potassium,ATPase, Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging,Adenosinetriphosphatase Sodium, Potassium,Pump, Potassium,Pump, Sodium,Pump, Sodium-Potassium,Sodium Potassium Exchanging ATPase,Sodium Potassium Pump