Estimations of water balance after validating and administering the water balance questionnaire in pregnant women. 2014

Olga Malisova, and Athanasios Protopappas, and Anastasia Nyktari, and Vassiliki Bountziouka, and Aristides Antsaklis, and Antonis Zampelas, and Maria Kapsokefalou
Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Athens , Athens , Greece and.

Dehydration during pregnancy may be harmful for the mother and fetus; thus our objective was to understand whether pregnant women balance water intake and loss. The Water Balance Questionnaire (WBQ) was modified to reflect pregnancy (WBQ-P). Validation was performed using 3-day diaries (n = 60) and hydration indices in urine (osmolality, specific gravity, pH and color, n = 40). The WBQ-P was found valid according to Kedhal τ-b coefficient agreement. The WBQ-P was administered to 95, 100 and 97 women per trimester, in Greece. Median (IQR) water balance, intake and loss were, respectively, 203 (-577, 971), 2917 (2187, 3544) and 2658 (2078, 3391) ml/day; these did not differ among the trimesters or between pregnant and non-pregnant women. However, more pregnant women were falling in the higher quartiles of water balance distribution. No differences in sources of water intake were identified except that women in the third trimester had lower water intake from beverages.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009994 Osmolar Concentration The concentration of osmotically active particles in solution expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per liter of solution. Osmolality is expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent. Ionic Strength,Osmolality,Osmolarity,Concentration, Osmolar,Concentrations, Osmolar,Ionic Strengths,Osmolalities,Osmolar Concentrations,Osmolarities,Strength, Ionic,Strengths, Ionic
D011247 Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. Gestation,Pregnancies
D011264 Pregnancy Trimesters The three approximately equal periods of a normal human PREGNANCY. Each trimester is about three months or 13 to 14 weeks in duration depending on the designation of the first day of gestation. Trimesters, Pregnancy,Pregnancy Trimester,Trimester, Pregnancy
D011795 Surveys and Questionnaires Collections of data obtained from voluntary subjects. The information usually takes the form of answers to questions, or suggestions. Community Survey,Nonrespondent,Questionnaire,Questionnaires,Respondent,Survey,Survey Method,Survey Methods,Surveys,Baseline Survey,Community Surveys,Methodology, Survey,Nonrespondents,Questionnaire Design,Randomized Response Technique,Repeated Rounds of Survey,Respondents,Survey Methodology,Baseline Surveys,Design, Questionnaire,Designs, Questionnaire,Methods, Survey,Questionnaire Designs,Questionnaires and Surveys,Randomized Response Techniques,Response Technique, Randomized,Response Techniques, Randomized,Survey, Baseline,Survey, Community,Surveys, Baseline,Surveys, Community,Techniques, Randomized Response
D001834 Body Water Fluids composed mainly of water found within the body. Water, Body
D003116 Color The visually perceived property of objects created by absorption or reflection of specific wavelengths of light. Colors
D003681 Dehydration The condition that results from excessive loss of water from a living organism. Water Stress,Stress, Water
D004326 Drinking The consumption of liquids. Water Consumption,Water Intake,Drinkings
D005260 Female Females
D006115 Greece A country in southern Europe, bordering the Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea, between Albania and Turkey. The capital is Athens. Crete,Macedonia (Greece)

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