In the last ten years, hip arthroscopy has been developing intensively and it is rapidly gaining primacy in the treatment of various injuries and damages to the hip itself and its immediate vicinity. The basic advantage of hip arthroscopy surgery versus classic open surgery is avoiding an open dislocation of the hip and, thus, reducing patient's morbidity and accelerating his/her rehabilitation, which leads to a quicker return to everyday activities. The success of arthroscopic surgery depends on the correct indication for the surgery and on the experience and the skill of the operator. It also depends on the properly conducted rehabilitation and the patient's compliance, as well as on the patient's realistic expectations. Indications for hip arthroscopy today are the following: injury and damage to acetabular labrum and/or articular cartilage, femoroacetabular impingement syndrome, injuries and damages to the ligament of the femoral head, loose and foreign joint bodies as well as different conditions of synovial membrane (synovial chondromatosis, pigmented villonodular synovitis and other inflammatory arthropathy such as rheumatoid arthritis). In this article we describe the indications, technique, complications and the prospect of hip arthroscopy, with a detailed overview of contemporary literature data.