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Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) stimulates production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) protein and mRNA in fibroblast cells. In contrast, TNF beta is at least 1,000-fold less potent than TNF alpha in increasing levels of G-CSF and GM-CSF activity and mRNA. The fibroblasts produce G-CSF and GM-CSF mRNA in a coordinate fashion after exposure to TNF. The ability of TNF alpha to stimulate production of CSF in fibroblasts may be pivotal to regulation of hematopoiesis.
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