Three allele-specific monoclonal antibodies to Pgp-1 (Ly-24) were used to biochemically characterize the cell surface structures with which they reacted and to map the gene(s) coding for these antigens. The targets of these three monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were shown to be encoded by a gene situated on chromosome 2 close to beta 2m [gene order (Pgp-1-beta 2m-a)] and no recombination between the loci detected by the three antibodies was revealed by genetic analysis. The genetic mapping of loci and tissue distribution of these antigens suggested that they might all correspond to a particular allelic form of the mouse phagocyte glycoprotein-1 (Pgp-1) antigen. Biochemical and serological analysis confirmed that this was indeed the case and revealed that all three mAbs were directed to one epitope. It is surprising that the tissue distribution defined by one mAb (Ly-24A) was different from that for the two other (Ly-24B) antibodies, despite the serological and biochemical identity of their respective targets. The possible reason for this unusual finding is discussed.