Assessing the impact of growth hormone deficiency and treatment in adults: development of a new disease-specific measure. 2014

Meryl Brod, and Lise Højbjerre, and Johan Erpur Adalsteinsson, and Michael Højby Rasmussen
The Brod Group (M.B.), Mill Valley, California 94941; and Department of Global Development (L.H., J.E.A., M.H.R.), Novo Nordisk A/S, DK-2860 Søborg, Denmark.

BACKGROUND Approximately 50 000 adults in the United States are diagnosed with GH deficiency, which has negative impacts on cognitive functioning, psychological well-being, and quality of life. OBJECTIVE This paper presents development and validation of a patient-reported outcome measure (PRO), the Treatment-Related Impact Measure-Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency (TRIM-AGHD). The TRIM-AGHD was developed to measure the impact of GH deficiency and its treatment. METHODS The development and validation of the TRIM-AGHD was conducted according to the Food and Drug Administration guidance on the development of PROs. Concept elicitation, conducted in three countries included interviews with patients, clinical experts, and literature review. Qualitative data were analyzed based on grounded theory principles, and draft items were cognitively debriefed. The measure underwent psychometric validation in a US clinic-based population. An a priori statistical analysis plan included assessment of the measurement model, reliability, and validity. Item functioning was reviewed using item response theory analyses. METHODS Forty-eight patients and six clinical experts participated in concept elicitation and 169 patients completed the validation study. METHODS TRIM-AGHD was measured. RESULTS Factor analysis resulted in four domains: energy level, physical health, emotional health, and cognitive ability. The item response theory confirmed adequate item fit and placement within their domain. Internal consistency ranged from 0.82 to 0.95 and test-retest ranged from 0.80 to 0.92. All prespecified hypotheses for convergent validity and all but two for discriminant validity were met. CONCLUSIONS The final 26-item TRIM-AGHD can be considered a reliable and valid PRO of the impact of disease and treatment for adult GH deficiency.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007018 Hypopituitarism Diminution or cessation of secretion of one or more hormones from the anterior pituitary gland (including LH; FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE; SOMATOTROPIN; and CORTICOTROPIN). This may result from surgical or radiation ablation, non-secretory PITUITARY NEOPLASMS, metastatic tumors, infarction, PITUITARY APOPLEXY, infiltrative or granulomatous processes, and other conditions. Adenohypophyseal Hyposecretion,Anterior Pituitary Hyposecretion Syndrome,Sheehan Syndrome,Simmonds Disease,Hyposecretion Syndrome, Anterior Pituitary,Hyposecretion, Adenohypophyseal,Pituitary Insufficiency,Postpartum Hypopituitarism,Postpartum Panhypopituitarism,Postpartum Pituitary Insufficiency,Sheehan's Syndrome,Simmonds' Disease,Disease, Simmonds,Hypopituitarism, Postpartum,Insufficiency, Pituitary,Panhypopituitarism, Postpartum,Pituitary Insufficiency, Postpartum,Sheehans Syndrome,Simmond's Disease,Syndrome, Sheehan,Syndrome, Sheehan's
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D011594 Psychometrics Assessment of psychological variables by the application of mathematical procedures. Psychometric
D011795 Surveys and Questionnaires Collections of data obtained from voluntary subjects. The information usually takes the form of answers to questions, or suggestions. Community Survey,Nonrespondent,Questionnaire,Questionnaires,Respondent,Survey,Survey Method,Survey Methods,Surveys,Baseline Survey,Community Surveys,Methodology, Survey,Nonrespondents,Questionnaire Design,Randomized Response Technique,Repeated Rounds of Survey,Respondents,Survey Methodology,Baseline Surveys,Design, Questionnaire,Designs, Questionnaire,Methods, Survey,Questionnaire Designs,Questionnaires and Surveys,Randomized Response Techniques,Response Technique, Randomized,Response Techniques, Randomized,Survey, Baseline,Survey, Community,Surveys, Baseline,Surveys, Community,Techniques, Randomized Response
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D002675 Child, Preschool A child between the ages of 2 and 5. Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D003940 Diagnostic Techniques, Endocrine Methods and procedures for the diagnosis of diseases or dysfunction of the endocrine glands or demonstration of their physiological processes. Diagnostic Technic, Endocrine,Diagnostic Technics, Endocrine,Diagnostic Technique, Endocrine,Endocrine Diagnostic Technic,Endocrine Diagnostic Technics,Endocrine Diagnostic Technique,Endocrine Diagnostic Techniques,Technic, Endocrine Diagnostic,Technics, Endocrine Diagnostic,Technique, Endocrine Diagnostic,Techniques, Endocrine Diagnostic
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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