This study explored residents' attitudes toward referring subjects to other residents' research studies and toward conducting their own research projects. With respect to referring subjects to other research investigations, the ease of the referral mechanism and potential benefits to patients were of prime importance to residents. With respect to participating in their own research projects, the learning opportunity provided by working with a faculty mentor was rated as the key motivator. A lack of available time and an abundance of other clinical demands discouraged research activity. Suggestions are offered for residency training programs that wish to increase resident interest and participation in research projects.