Abdominoperineal resection for the treatment of carcinoma of the rectum has been the benchmark for all other forms of therapy since Miles described the procedure in 1908. During the past 25 years, 81 patients have had carcinoma of the rectum treated curatively by electrocoagulation and have been observed for five years or more. Treatment was selectively applied to those patients whose tumors were less than 7.5 centimeters from the anal verge with less than 50 per cent of the rectum involved. All of the tumors were freely movable. The over-all five year survival rate was 47 per cent. Thirty-one of the 81 patients underwent conversion to abdominoperineal resection because of recurrence. The survival rate for those treated by electrocoagulation alone was 58 per cent and for those converted to abdominoperineal resection, 29 per cent. The survival rate was 65 per cent for those with lesions less than 4 centimeters in diameter versus 30 per cent for those with lesions more than 4 centimeters. The morbidity rate was 21.0 per cent and the mortality rate was 2.7 per cent. There were an additional 33 patients treated for palliation with only one five year survivor. Electrocoagulation for the treatment of carcinoma of the distal part of the rectum is a reasonable alterative to abdominoperineal resection when selectively applied.