Ameliorative effect of acetyl-L-carnitine and/or nifedipine against selenite-induced cataractogenesis in young albino rats. 2014

Lamiaa M Farghaly, and Waleed A Ghobashy, and Youssef Shoukry, and Mona F El-Azab
Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.

Free radical toxicity and calcium ion overload have been identified as the major two players in the causation of cataract. The current study was carried out to investigate the anti-cataractogenic effect of single and combined treatment with acetyl-l-carnitine and nifedipine in sodium selenite-induced cataract. Rat pups were divided into 5 groups; 1st group received intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of saline and served as normal control, 2nd group received single subcutaneous injection of sodium selenite 30nmol/g body weight on p10 (postpartum day 10), 3rd and 4th groups received either acetyl-l-carnitine (200mg/kg, i.p.) or nifedipine (0.1mg/kg, i.p.) on p9, respectively, before the administration of sodium selenite, and the treatment continued till p14. Last group received the combined treatments of acetyl-l-carnitine and nifedipine in the same regimen. All animals were examined using a slit lamp and retroillumination then sacrificed on p30. Lenses were removed and processed for biochemical analyses, histopathological and electron microscopic examination. Selenite-treated groups showed significantly (P≤0.05) lower values of redox system components (glutathione and glutathione reductase activity) and anti-oxidant enzymes׳ activities (superoxide dismutase and catalase) along with increased lipid peroxidation that was accompanied by 100% opacified crystalline lenses (mature cataract) with abnormal structure as detected by electron microscopy. It is concluded that acetyl-l-carnitine or nifedipine was able to partially protect against selenite-induced abnormalities. While, combined treatment with acetyl-l-carnitine and nifedipine was superior to individual treatments in slowing down the development of cataract by restoring the anti-oxidant defense and mitigating lipid peroxidation in the lens and hence represents an attractive anti-cataractogenic remedy.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009543 Nifedipine A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure. Adalat,BAY-a-1040,Bay-1040,Cordipin,Cordipine,Corinfar,Fenigidin,Korinfar,Nifangin,Nifedipine Monohydrochloride,Nifedipine-GTIS,Procardia,Procardia XL,Vascard,BAY a 1040,BAYa1040,Bay 1040,Bay1040,Monohydrochloride, Nifedipine,Nifedipine GTIS
D011897 Random Allocation A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects. Randomization,Allocation, Random
D002386 Cataract Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed) Cataract, Membranous,Lens Opacities,Pseudoaphakia,Cataracts,Cataracts, Membranous,Lens Opacity,Membranous Cataract,Membranous Cataracts,Opacities, Lens,Opacity, Lens,Pseudoaphakias
D005260 Female Females
D000108 Acetylcarnitine An acetic acid ester of CARNITINE that facilitates movement of ACETYL COA into the matrices of mammalian MITOCHONDRIA during the oxidation of FATTY ACIDS. Acetyl Carnitine,Medosan,Acetyl-L-Carnitine,Acetylcarnitine, (R)-Isomer,Alcar,Branigen,Levocarnitine Acetyl,Acetyl L Carnitine,Carnitine, Acetyl
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000831 Animals, Newborn Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth. Animals, Neonatal,Animal, Neonatal,Animal, Newborn,Neonatal Animal,Neonatal Animals,Newborn Animal,Newborn Animals
D016896 Treatment Outcome Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series. Rehabilitation Outcome,Treatment Effectiveness,Clinical Effectiveness,Clinical Efficacy,Patient-Relevant Outcome,Treatment Efficacy,Effectiveness, Clinical,Effectiveness, Treatment,Efficacy, Clinical,Efficacy, Treatment,Outcome, Patient-Relevant,Outcome, Rehabilitation,Outcome, Treatment,Outcomes, Patient-Relevant,Patient Relevant Outcome,Patient-Relevant Outcomes
D017208 Rats, Wistar A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain. Wistar Rat,Rat, Wistar,Wistar Rats
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus

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