BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

Maternal serum unconjugated oestriol as an antenatal screening test for Down's syndrome. 1988

N J Wald, and H S Cuckle, and J W Densem, and K Nanchahal, and J A Canick, and J E Haddow, and G J Knight, and G E Palomaki
Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, St. Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, London, UK.

The median maternal serum unconjugated oestriol level between 13 and 27 weeks gestation in 77 pregnancies associated with Down's syndrome was lower than the median level in 385 unaffected control pregnancies matched for maternal age, gestational age, and duration of serum sample storage (P less than 0.001). The median level for the affected pregnancies was 73% of that in the controls. Low unconjugated oestriol levels can be used to detect fetal Down's syndrome; at cut-off levels selected to detect at least 35% of affected pregnancies, unconjugated serum oestriol was a better screening test than either maternal age or serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). The use of all three variables in combination to select women with a 1:250 or greater risk of a Down's syndrome term pregnancy would yield a 45% detection rate with a false-positive rate of 5.2%. The same detection rate using maternal age alone or using age and serum AFP in combination would yield higher false-positive rates, 15% and 9.8% respectively. The addition of unconjugated oestriol to a Down's syndrome screening programme would therefore be more efficient than the use of age and AFP alone; for a given detection rate fewer women would need an amniocentesis or, for a given percentage of women having an amniocentesis, more pregnancies with Down's syndrome would be detected.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008423 Maternal Age The age of the mother in PREGNANCY. Age, Maternal,Ages, Maternal,Maternal Ages
D011247 Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. Gestation,Pregnancies
D011262 Pregnancy Trimester, Second The middle third of a human PREGNANCY, from the beginning of the 15th through the 28th completed week (99 to 196 days) of gestation. Midtrimester,Pregnancy, Second Trimester,Trimester, Second,Midtrimesters,Pregnancies, Second Trimester,Pregnancy Trimesters, Second,Second Pregnancy Trimester,Second Pregnancy Trimesters,Second Trimester,Second Trimester Pregnancies,Second Trimester Pregnancy,Second Trimesters,Trimesters, Second
D011296 Prenatal Diagnosis Determination of the nature of a pathological condition or disease in the postimplantation EMBRYO; FETUS; or pregnant female before birth. Diagnosis, Prenatal,Fetal Diagnosis,Fetal Imaging,Fetal Screening,Intrauterine Diagnosis,Antenatal Diagnosis,Antenatal Screening,Diagnosis, Antenatal,Diagnosis, Intrauterine,Prenatal Screening,Antenatal Diagnoses,Antenatal Screenings,Diagnosis, Fetal,Fetal Diagnoses,Fetal Imagings,Fetal Screenings,Imaging, Fetal,Intrauterine Diagnoses,Prenatal Diagnoses,Prenatal Screenings,Screening, Antenatal,Screening, Fetal,Screening, Prenatal
D004314 Down Syndrome A chromosome disorder associated either with an extra CHROMOSOME 21 or an effective TRISOMY for chromosome 21. Clinical manifestations include HYPOTONIA, short stature, BRACHYCEPHALY, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus, Brushfield spots on the iris, protruding tongue, small ears, short, broad hands, fifth finger clinodactyly, single transverse palmar crease, and moderate to severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Cardiac and gastrointestinal malformations, a marked increase in the incidence of LEUKEMIA, and the early onset of ALZHEIMER DISEASE are also associated with this condition. Pathologic features include the development of NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES in neurons and the deposition of AMYLOID BETA-PROTEIN, similar to the pathology of ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p213) Mongolism,Trisomy 21,47,XX,+21,47,XY,+21,Down Syndrome, Partial Trisomy 21,Down's Syndrome,Partial Trisomy 21 Down Syndrome,Trisomy 21, Meiotic Nondisjunction,Trisomy 21, Mitotic Nondisjunction,Trisomy G,Downs Syndrome,Syndrome, Down,Syndrome, Down's
D004964 Estriol A hydroxylated metabolite of ESTRADIOL or ESTRONE that has a hydroxyl group at C3, 16-alpha, and 17-beta position. Estriol is a major urinary estrogen. During PREGNANCY, a large amount of estriol is produced by the PLACENTA. Isomers with inversion of the hydroxyl group or groups are called epiestriol. (16alpha,17beta)-Estra-1,3,5(10)-Triene-3,16,17-Triol,(16beta,17beta)-Estra-1,3,5(10)-Triene-3,16,17-Triol,16-alpha-Hydroxy-Estradiol,16alpha,17beta-Estriol,16beta-Hydroxy-Estradiol,Epiestriol,Estra-1,3,5(10)-Triene-3,16beta,17beta-Triol,Ovestin,16 alpha Hydroxy Estradiol,16alpha,17beta Estriol,16beta Hydroxy Estradiol
D005189 False Positive Reactions Positive test results in subjects who do not possess the attribute for which the test is conducted. The labeling of healthy persons as diseased when screening in the detection of disease. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) False Positive Reaction,Positive Reaction, False,Positive Reactions, False,Reaction, False Positive,Reactions, False Positive
D005260 Female Females
D005315 Fetal Diseases Pathophysiological conditions of the FETUS in the UTERUS. Some fetal diseases may be treated with FETAL THERAPIES. Embryopathies,Disease, Fetal,Diseases, Fetal,Embryopathy,Fetal Disease
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

Related Publications

N J Wald, and H S Cuckle, and J W Densem, and K Nanchahal, and J A Canick, and J E Haddow, and G J Knight, and G E Palomaki
Value of maternal serum unconjugated oestriol measurement in prenatal screening for Down's syndrome.
August 1994, Prenatal diagnosis,
N J Wald, and H S Cuckle, and J W Densem, and K Nanchahal, and J A Canick, and J E Haddow, and G J Knight, and G E Palomaki
Use of unconjugated oestriol in screening for Down's syndrome.
December 1993, Prenatal diagnosis,
N J Wald, and H S Cuckle, and J W Densem, and K Nanchahal, and J A Canick, and J E Haddow, and G J Knight, and G E Palomaki
Maternal serum AFP as screening test for Down's syndrome.
May 1984, Lancet (London, England),
N J Wald, and H S Cuckle, and J W Densem, and K Nanchahal, and J A Canick, and J E Haddow, and G J Knight, and G E Palomaki
First-trimester maternal serum unconjugated oestriol and alpha-fetoprotein in fetal Down's syndrome.
June 1991, Prenatal diagnosis,
N J Wald, and H S Cuckle, and J W Densem, and K Nanchahal, and J A Canick, and J E Haddow, and G J Knight, and G E Palomaki
Second-trimester maternal serum screening for Down's syndrome: free beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) and alpha-fetoprotein, with or without unconjugated oestriol, compared with total HCG, alpha-fetoprotein and unconjugated oestriol.
January 1998, Human reproduction (Oxford, England),
N J Wald, and H S Cuckle, and J W Densem, and K Nanchahal, and J A Canick, and J E Haddow, and G J Knight, and G E Palomaki
The role of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotrophin and oestriol in the antenatal screening of Down's syndrome.
December 1994, The Medical journal of Malaysia,
N J Wald, and H S Cuckle, and J W Densem, and K Nanchahal, and J A Canick, and J E Haddow, and G J Knight, and G E Palomaki
[Maternal serum screening for Down's syndrome].
January 2002, Annales de biologie clinique,
N J Wald, and H S Cuckle, and J W Densem, and K Nanchahal, and J A Canick, and J E Haddow, and G J Knight, and G E Palomaki
Antenatal screening policies for Down's syndrome. Serum screening for Down's syndrome is better than age screening.
November 2002, BMJ (Clinical research ed.),
N J Wald, and H S Cuckle, and J W Densem, and K Nanchahal, and J A Canick, and J E Haddow, and G J Knight, and G E Palomaki
Antenatal screening for Down's syndrome with the quadruple test.
March 2003, Lancet (London, England),
N J Wald, and H S Cuckle, and J W Densem, and K Nanchahal, and J A Canick, and J E Haddow, and G J Knight, and G E Palomaki
Maternal serum screening policy for Down's syndrome.
September 1992, Lancet (London, England),
Copied contents to your clipboard!