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Electron paramagnetic resonance study of ZnO varistor material. 2014

Raschid Baraki, and Paul Zierep, and Emre Erdem, and Stefan Weber, and Torsten Granzow
Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.

Matsuoka-type zinc oxide (ZnO) varistor material was synthesized using a conventional solid-state reaction method. X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) data revealed that Mn ions substitute in the ZnO lattice with a 2+ paramagnetic state. Co ions with either 3+ or 2+ oxidation states are only detectable at cryogenic temperatures. A Cr(3+) EPR signal was strongly suppressed or masked by a Mn(2+) signal. Photoluminescence and electrical results indicated that the varistor sample has fewer intrinsic defects and much higher resistivity as compared to undoped and metal-ion doped ZnO.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008280 Magnetics The study of MAGNETIC PHENOMENA. Magnetic
D008345 Manganese A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035)
D004578 Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy A technique applicable to the wide variety of substances which exhibit paramagnetism because of the magnetic moments of unpaired electrons. The spectra are useful for detection and identification, for determination of electron structure, for study of interactions between molecules, and for measurement of nuclear spins and moments. (From McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 7th edition) Electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopy is a variant of the technique which can give enhanced resolution. Electron spin resonance analysis can now be used in vivo, including imaging applications such as MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING. ENDOR,Electron Nuclear Double Resonance,Electron Paramagnetic Resonance,Paramagnetic Resonance,Electron Spin Resonance,Paramagnetic Resonance, Electron,Resonance, Electron Paramagnetic,Resonance, Electron Spin,Resonance, Paramagnetic
D013696 Temperature The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms. Temperatures
D014961 X-Ray Diffraction The scattering of x-rays by matter, especially crystals, with accompanying variation in intensity due to interference effects. Analysis of the crystal structure of materials is performed by passing x-rays through them and registering the diffraction image of the rays (CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, X-RAY). (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Xray Diffraction,Diffraction, X-Ray,Diffraction, Xray,Diffractions, X-Ray,Diffractions, Xray,X Ray Diffraction,X-Ray Diffractions,Xray Diffractions
D015034 Zinc Oxide A mild astringent and topical protectant with some antiseptic action. It is also used in bandages, pastes, ointments, dental cements, and as a sunblock. Lassar's Paste,Lassar Paste,Lassars Paste,Oxide, Zinc,Paste, Lassar's
D049449 Luminescence Emission of LIGHT when ELECTRONS return to the electronic ground state from an excited state and lose the energy as PHOTONS. It is sometimes called cool light in contrast to INCANDESCENCE. LUMINESCENT MEASUREMENTS take advantage of this type of light emitted from LUMINESCENT AGENTS. Luminescence, Physical,Chemiluminescence,Chemiluminescence, Physical,Physical Chemiluminescence,Physical Luminescence

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