Immunostimulatory responses to crude extracts of Warburgia ugandensis (Sprague) subsp ugandensis (Canellaceae) by BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania major. 2014

Peter Ngure, and Zipporah Ng'ang'a, and Albert Kimutai, and Stella Kepha, and Samuel Mong'are, and Johnnie Ingonga, and Willy Tonui
Daystar University, Kenya.

BACKGROUND To determine the immunostimulatory potential of crude extracts of Warburgia ugandensis subsp. ugandensis with a soluble leishmanial antigen in vaccinating BALB/c mice. METHODS Seventy two female BALB/c mice were randomly assigned into six groups. The mice were vaccinated with soluble leishmania antigens (SLA) alone, hexane, ethyl acetate, and dichloromethane extract co-administered with SLA. Unvaccinated mice formed the control group. The induction of cell-mediated immunity following vaccination was determined by measuring in vitro lymphocyte proliferation and the production of interleukin (IL)-4 and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) determined by flow cytometry. Protection against L. major was determined by quantifying parasite burdens in L. major infected footpads using a limiting dilution assay and by measuring lesion sizes of the infected footpad compared to the contralateral uninfected footpad. RESULTS On vaccination with extracts of W. ugandensis subsp. ugandensis alone or as adjuvants when used in combination with Leishmania antigens, the hexane extract and the dichloromethane extract plus SLA stimulated moderate production of IFN-γ and low levels of IL-4.These mice were partially protected from cutaneous leishmaniasis as shown by the slow development of lesions and comparatively less parasite burdens. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that extracts of W. ugandensis subsp. ugandensis are suitable adjuvants for Leishmania vaccines. However, since W. ugandensis subsp. ugandensis has been shown to be effective against Leishmania parasites in vitro and in vivo, further studies ought to be conducted to determine its immunochemotherapeutic potential when co-administered with a soluble leishmanial antigen in vaccinating BALB/c mice.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007371 Interferon-gamma The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. Interferon Type II,Interferon, Immune,gamma-Interferon,Interferon, gamma,Type II Interferon,Immune Interferon,Interferon, Type II
D008807 Mice, Inbred BALB C An inbred strain of mouse that is widely used in IMMUNOLOGY studies and cancer research. BALB C Mice, Inbred,BALB C Mouse, Inbred,Inbred BALB C Mice,Inbred BALB C Mouse,Mice, BALB C,Mouse, BALB C,Mouse, Inbred BALB C,BALB C Mice,BALB C Mouse
D010936 Plant Extracts Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard. Herbal Medicines,Plant Extract,Extract, Plant,Extracts, Plant,Medicines, Herbal
D005260 Female Females
D005434 Flow Cytometry Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake. Cytofluorometry, Flow,Cytometry, Flow,Flow Microfluorimetry,Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting,Microfluorometry, Flow,Cell Sorting, Fluorescence-Activated,Cell Sortings, Fluorescence-Activated,Cytofluorometries, Flow,Cytometries, Flow,Flow Cytofluorometries,Flow Cytofluorometry,Flow Cytometries,Flow Microfluorometries,Flow Microfluorometry,Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting,Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sortings,Microfluorimetry, Flow,Microfluorometries, Flow,Sorting, Fluorescence-Activated Cell,Sortings, Fluorescence-Activated Cell
D000276 Adjuvants, Immunologic Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy of many biological response modifiers is related to their antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity. Immunoactivators,Immunoadjuvant,Immunoadjuvants,Immunologic Adjuvant,Immunopotentiator,Immunopotentiators,Immunostimulant,Immunostimulants,Adjuvant, Immunologic,Adjuvants, Immunological,Immunologic Adjuvants,Immunological Adjuvant,Adjuvant, Immunological,Immunological Adjuvants
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000953 Antigens, Protozoan Any part or derivative of any protozoan that elicits immunity; malaria (Plasmodium) and trypanosome antigens are presently the most frequently encountered. Protozoan Antigens
D014611 Vaccination Administration of vaccines to stimulate the host's immune response. This includes any preparation intended for active immunological prophylaxis. Immunization, Active,Active Immunization,Active Immunizations,Immunizations, Active,Vaccinations
D015847 Interleukin-4 A soluble factor produced by activated T-LYMPHOCYTES that induces the expression of MHC CLASS II GENES and FC RECEPTORS on B-LYMPHOCYTES and causes their proliferation and differentiation. It also acts on T-lymphocytes, MAST CELLS, and several other hematopoietic lineage cells. B-Cell Growth Factor-I,B-Cell Stimulatory Factor-1,Binetrakin,IL-4,Mast Cell Growth Factor-2,B Cell Stimulatory Factor-1,B-Cell Growth Factor-1,B-Cell Proliferating Factor,B-Cell Stimulating Factor-1,B-Cell Stimulatory Factor 1,BCGF-1,BSF-1,IL4,MCGF-2,B Cell Growth Factor 1,B Cell Growth Factor I,B Cell Proliferating Factor,B Cell Stimulating Factor 1,B Cell Stimulatory Factor 1,Interleukin 4,Mast Cell Growth Factor 2

Related Publications

Peter Ngure, and Zipporah Ng'ang'a, and Albert Kimutai, and Stella Kepha, and Samuel Mong'are, and Johnnie Ingonga, and Willy Tonui
July 2010, Journal of ethnopharmacology,
Peter Ngure, and Zipporah Ng'ang'a, and Albert Kimutai, and Stella Kepha, and Samuel Mong'are, and Johnnie Ingonga, and Willy Tonui
February 2020, Journal of ethnopharmacology,
Peter Ngure, and Zipporah Ng'ang'a, and Albert Kimutai, and Stella Kepha, and Samuel Mong'are, and Johnnie Ingonga, and Willy Tonui
November 1988, Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,
Peter Ngure, and Zipporah Ng'ang'a, and Albert Kimutai, and Stella Kepha, and Samuel Mong'are, and Johnnie Ingonga, and Willy Tonui
April 2010, African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM,
Peter Ngure, and Zipporah Ng'ang'a, and Albert Kimutai, and Stella Kepha, and Samuel Mong'are, and Johnnie Ingonga, and Willy Tonui
April 2015, Parasitology international,
Peter Ngure, and Zipporah Ng'ang'a, and Albert Kimutai, and Stella Kepha, and Samuel Mong'are, and Johnnie Ingonga, and Willy Tonui
June 2021, Acta parasitologica,
Peter Ngure, and Zipporah Ng'ang'a, and Albert Kimutai, and Stella Kepha, and Samuel Mong'are, and Johnnie Ingonga, and Willy Tonui
June 2011, Journal of clinical immunology,
Peter Ngure, and Zipporah Ng'ang'a, and Albert Kimutai, and Stella Kepha, and Samuel Mong'are, and Johnnie Ingonga, and Willy Tonui
September 1991, Immunology,
Peter Ngure, and Zipporah Ng'ang'a, and Albert Kimutai, and Stella Kepha, and Samuel Mong'are, and Johnnie Ingonga, and Willy Tonui
January 1987, Annales de l'Institut Pasteur. Immunology,
Peter Ngure, and Zipporah Ng'ang'a, and Albert Kimutai, and Stella Kepha, and Samuel Mong'are, and Johnnie Ingonga, and Willy Tonui
January 1983, Advances in experimental medicine and biology,
Copied contents to your clipboard!