Biomaterial Database

The effect of gramicidin A on phospholipid bilayers. 1988

B A Cornell, and L E Weir, and F Separovic

CSIRO Division of Food Research, North Ryde, NSW, Australia.

The helical polypeptide, gramicidin A has been widely studied as a model for the interactions of hydrophobic proteins with lipid bilayer membranes. Many reports are now available of the physical effects of mixing gramicidin A with phospholipid membranes, however, the interpretation of these data remains unclear. The purpose of this communication is to examine the controversial claim that high concentrations of gramicidin A' cause disorder within the L alpha phase of phosphatidylcholine-water dispersions. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), density gradient and X-ray diffraction techniques are used to confirm the existence of such an effect and mechanisms are discussed which account for the known effects of gramicidin A on lipid bilayers.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008051	Lipid Bilayers	Layers of lipid molecules which are two molecules thick. Bilayer systems are frequently studied as models of biological membranes.	Bilayers, Lipid,Bilayer, Lipid,Lipid Bilayer
D008954	Models, Biological	Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.	Biological Model,Biological Models,Model, Biological,Models, Biologic,Biologic Model,Biologic Models,Model, Biologic
D008968	Molecular Conformation	The characteristic three-dimensional shape of a molecule.	Molecular Configuration,3D Molecular Structure,Configuration, Molecular,Molecular Structure, Three Dimensional,Three Dimensional Molecular Structure,3D Molecular Structures,Configurations, Molecular,Conformation, Molecular,Conformations, Molecular,Molecular Configurations,Molecular Conformations,Molecular Structure, 3D,Molecular Structures, 3D,Structure, 3D Molecular,Structures, 3D Molecular
D002499	Centrifugation, Density Gradient	Separation of particles according to density by employing a gradient of varying densities. At equilibrium each particle settles in the gradient at a point equal to its density. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	Centrifugations, Density Gradient,Density Gradient Centrifugation,Density Gradient Centrifugations,Gradient Centrifugation, Density,Gradient Centrifugations, Density
D004134	Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine	A synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers for the study of biological membranes.	Dimyristoyllecithin,1,2-Dimyristoyl-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine,1,2-Ditetradecanoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine,1,2-Ditetradecyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine,DMCP,DMPC,1,2 Dimyristoyl glycero 3 phosphorylcholine,1,2 Ditetradecanoyl glycero 3 phosphocholine,1,2 Ditetradecyl glycero 3 phosphocholine
D006096	Gramicidin	A group of peptide antibiotics from BACILLUS brevis. Gramicidin C or S is a cyclic, ten-amino acid polypeptide and gramicidins A, B, D are linear. Gramicidin is one of the two principal components of TYROTHRICIN.	Gramicidin A,Gramicidin A(1),Gramicidin B,Gramicidin C,Gramicidin D,Gramicidin Dubos,Gramicidin J,Gramicidin K,Gramicidin NF,Gramicidin P,Gramicidin S,Gramicidins,Gramoderm,Linear Gramicidin,Gramicidin, Linear
D014961	X-Ray Diffraction	The scattering of x-rays by matter, especially crystals, with accompanying variation in intensity due to interference effects. Analysis of the crystal structure of materials is performed by passing x-rays through them and registering the diffraction image of the rays (CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, X-RAY). (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	Xray Diffraction,Diffraction, X-Ray,Diffraction, Xray,Diffractions, X-Ray,Diffractions, Xray,X Ray Diffraction,X-Ray Diffractions,Xray Diffractions
D015060	1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine	Synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS.	Dipalmitoyllecithin,1,2-Dihexadecyl-sn-Glycerophosphocholine,1,2-Dipalmitoyl-Glycerophosphocholine,Dipalmitoyl Phosphatidylcholine,Dipalmitoylglycerophosphocholine,Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine,1,2 Dihexadecyl sn Glycerophosphocholine,1,2 Dipalmitoyl Glycerophosphocholine,1,2 Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine,Phosphatidylcholine, Dipalmitoyl