[Correlation between Haller index and echocardiographic and spirometric findings in children with pectus excavatum]. 2014

Alper Hazım Gürsu, and Barbaros Sahin Karagün, and Ozlem Korkmaz, and Sarper Sükrü Gürsu, and Mehmet Ali Uçar
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Sivas Numune Hospital, Sivas, Turkey. hagursu@yahoo.com.tr.

OBJECTIVE In this study, we evaluated the correlation between severity of deformity and cardiopulmonary function with regards to echocardiographic and spirometric findings. METHODS Twenty-five children, mean age 13.6 years, presenting with pectus excavatum between August 2012 and May 2013, were included. Haller index (HI) was calculated for each patient. Patients with an index of <2.5 were accepted as Group 1, 2.5-3.6 as Group 2, and >3.6 as Group 3. Left ventricle dimension, ejection fraction, and shortening fraction were evaluated with echocardiography. Using spirometry, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), and FEV1/FVC ratio were calculated. Groups were compared using these parameters. RESULTS There were 18 males and 7 females. The mean index was 3.48±0.78. Though there was no significant difference in the index with regards to sex, the index increased with age. Eight percent of patients were in Group 1, 52% in Group 2 and 40% in Group 3. A significant decrease in ejection and shortening fractions was evident as the index increased. A statistically significant relation between HI and cardiac dysfunction was evident (p<0.01). As the index increased, there was significant decrease in FEV1 and the FEV1/FVC ratio, while there was no significant difference in FVC. As the deformity worsened, incidence of pulmonary dysfunction was found to be higher. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that pectus excavatum leads to cardiac and pulmonary problems, and functions of the left ventricle may be affected by the deformity. Furthermore, the relation between the severity of the deformity and cardiovascular function is evident.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D004452 Echocardiography Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic. Echocardiography, Contrast,Echocardiography, Cross-Sectional,Echocardiography, M-Mode,Echocardiography, Transthoracic,Echocardiography, Two-Dimensional,Transthoracic Echocardiography,2-D Echocardiography,2D Echocardiography,Contrast Echocardiography,Cross-Sectional Echocardiography,Echocardiography, 2-D,Echocardiography, 2D,M-Mode Echocardiography,Two-Dimensional Echocardiography,2 D Echocardiography,Cross Sectional Echocardiography,Echocardiography, 2 D,Echocardiography, Cross Sectional,Echocardiography, M Mode,Echocardiography, Two Dimensional,M Mode Echocardiography,Two Dimensional Echocardiography
D005260 Female Females
D005541 Forced Expiratory Volume Measure of the maximum amount of air that can be expelled in a given number of seconds during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination . It is usually given as FEV followed by a subscript indicating the number of seconds over which the measurement is made, although it is sometimes given as a percentage of forced vital capacity. Forced Vital Capacity, Timed,Timed Vital Capacity,Vital Capacity, Timed,FEVt,Capacities, Timed Vital,Capacity, Timed Vital,Expiratory Volume, Forced,Expiratory Volumes, Forced,Forced Expiratory Volumes,Timed Vital Capacities,Vital Capacities, Timed,Volume, Forced Expiratory,Volumes, Forced Expiratory
D005660 Funnel Chest A developmental anomaly in which the lower sternum is posteriorly dislocated and concavely deformed, resulting in a funnel-shaped thorax. Pectus Excavatum,Chest, Funnel,Chests, Funnel,Excavatum, Pectus,Funnel Chests
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000293 Adolescent A person 13 to 18 years of age. Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths
D012720 Severity of Illness Index Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder. Illness Index Severities,Illness Index Severity
D013147 Spirometry Measurement of volume of air inhaled or exhaled by the lung. Spirometries

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