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[Anatomy of the upper esophageal sphincter]. 2014

M Jungheim, and S Miller, and D Kühn, and C Schwemmle, and J P Schneider, and M Ochs, and M Ptok
Klinik und Poliklinik für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland, jungheim.michael@mh-hannover.de.

The upper esophageal sphincter (UES) forms a barrier between the pharynx and the esophagus. When closed, the barrier function serves to prevent reflux and aerophagia; when open, swallowing, belching and vomiting are possible. The closing muscles include caudal parts of the inferior pharyngeal sphincter and cranial parts of the upper esophagus musculature. Sphincter opening is achieved by muscles that insert from the outside to connect to the larynx and pharynx in the sphincter region. The closing muscles are innervated by branches of the glossopharyngeal and vagal nerves, and central control is probably mediated by several reflexes. This article presents an overview of the current understanding of the complex UES anatomy.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008953 Models, Anatomic Three-dimensional representation to show anatomic structures. Models may be used in place of intact animals or organisms for teaching, practice, and study. Anatomic Models,Models, Surgical,Moulages,Models, Anatomical,Anatomic Model,Anatomical Model,Anatomical Models,Model, Anatomic,Model, Anatomical,Model, Surgical,Moulage,Surgical Model,Surgical Models
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D049631 Esophageal Sphincter, Upper The structure at the pharyngoesophageal junction consisting chiefly of the cricopharyngeus muscle. It normally occludes the lumen of the ESOPHAGUS, except during SWALLOWING. Cricopharyngeus,Upper Esophageal Sphincter,Cricopharyngeus Muscle,Inferior Constrictor of Pharynx,Inferior Pharyngeal Constrictor,Thyropharyngeus,Inferior Pharyngeal Constrictors,Muscle, Cricopharyngeus,Pharyngeal Constrictor, Inferior,Pharyngeal Constrictors, Inferior,Pharynx Inferior Constrictor,Sphincter, Upper Esophageal

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