Electrochemical methods for detection of post-translational modifications of proteins. 2014

Victoria V Shumyantseva, and Elena V Suprun, and Tatiana V Bulko, and Alexander I Archakov
Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Pogodinskaya St. 10/8, Moscow 119121, Russia. Electronic address: viktoria.shumyantseva@ibmc.msk.ru.

Post-translational modifications of proteins play a key role in the regulation of various cellular processes. The analysis and identification of post-translational modifications are probably the most versatile and difficult, but also most frequently studied area of interest in proteomics research. This review focuses on the electroactivity of amino acids as a tool for analysis of post-translational modifications of proteins. The most attention is paid to the electrochemical detection of phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and glycosylation of proteins, to the best-studied and functionally-significant modifications, and, also, to the electrochemical analysis of activity of enzymes responsible for carrying out phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of proteins. Recent advances in electrochemistry with special references to proteomics are outlined and innovative technologies for protein detection are highlighted.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010766 Phosphorylation The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety. Phosphorylations
D011499 Protein Processing, Post-Translational Any of various enzymatically catalyzed post-translational modifications of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS in the cell of origin. These modifications include carboxylation; HYDROXYLATION; ACETYLATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; METHYLATION; GLYCOSYLATION; ubiquitination; oxidation; proteolysis; and crosslinking and result in changes in molecular weight and electrophoretic motility. Amino Acid Modification, Post-Translational,Post-Translational Modification,Post-Translational Protein Modification,Posttranslational Modification,Protein Modification, Post-Translational,Amino Acid Modification, Posttranslational,Post-Translational Amino Acid Modification,Post-Translational Modifications,Post-Translational Protein Processing,Posttranslational Amino Acid Modification,Posttranslational Modifications,Posttranslational Protein Processing,Protein Processing, Post Translational,Protein Processing, Posttranslational,Amino Acid Modification, Post Translational,Modification, Post-Translational,Modification, Post-Translational Protein,Modification, Posttranslational,Modifications, Post-Translational,Modifications, Post-Translational Protein,Modifications, Posttranslational,Post Translational Amino Acid Modification,Post Translational Modification,Post Translational Modifications,Post Translational Protein Modification,Post Translational Protein Processing,Post-Translational Protein Modifications,Processing, Post-Translational Protein,Processing, Posttranslational Protein,Protein Modification, Post Translational,Protein Modifications, Post-Translational
D011506 Proteins Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein. Gene Products, Protein,Gene Proteins,Protein,Protein Gene Products,Proteins, Gene
D006031 Glycosylation The synthetic chemistry reaction or enzymatic reaction of adding carbohydrate or glycosyl groups. GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASES carry out the enzymatic glycosylation reactions. The spontaneous, non-enzymatic attachment of reducing sugars to free amino groups in proteins, lipids, or nucleic acids is called GLYCATION (see MAILLARD REACTION). Protein Glycosylation,Glycosylation, Protein
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000596 Amino Acids Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins. Amino Acid,Acid, Amino,Acids, Amino
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D015374 Biosensing Techniques Any of a variety of procedures which use biomolecular probes to measure the presence or concentration of biological molecules, biological structures, microorganisms, etc., by translating a biochemical interaction at the probe surface into a quantifiable physical signal. Bioprobes,Biosensors,Electrodes, Enzyme,Biosensing Technics,Bioprobe,Biosensing Technic,Biosensing Technique,Biosensor,Electrode, Enzyme,Enzyme Electrode,Enzyme Electrodes,Technic, Biosensing,Technics, Biosensing,Technique, Biosensing,Techniques, Biosensing
D055664 Electrochemical Techniques The utilization of an electrical current to measure, analyze, or alter chemicals or chemical reactions in solution, cells, or tissues. Electrochemical Technics,Electrochemical Technic,Electrochemical Technique,Technic, Electrochemical,Technics, Electrochemical,Technique, Electrochemical,Techniques, Electrochemical

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