OBJECTIVE to determine the specific antimicrobial activity of the drugs proposed in the national algorithm for treatment of vaginal infections. METHODS Over a three-month period, the bacteriological laboratory of the Yalgado-Ouédraogo University Hospital in Ouagadougou analyzed vaginal swabs from women seen at 5 health-care facilities in that city. RESULTS The study included 404 women with a mean age of 29 years. The microbes with the highest incidence rates were various species of Candida (20%), Gardnerella and/or Mobiluncus (18.8%), and Ureaplasma/Mycoplasma (10.9%). The agents isolated were highly susceptible to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, fluconazole, miconazole, and nystatin. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the continuing efficacy of the drugs in the national algorithm for treatment of vaginal infections, which is associated with compliance with the recommended diagnostic procedure and therapeutic protocol.