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Temporal and spatial expression of the four Igf ligands and two Igf type 1 receptors in zebrafish during early embryonic development. 2014

Jianzhen Li, and Peng Wu, and Yun Liu, and Deshou Wang, and Christopher H K Cheng
College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China.

The insulin-like growth factor (Igf) family is an evolutionarily conserved system essential for normal growth and development in vertebrates. Unlike mammals, four distinct Igf ligands (Igf1, Igf2a, Igf2b and Igf3) and two Igf type 1 receptors (Igf1ra and Igf1rb) are present in zebrafish. However, the localization of these multiple ligands and receptors especially the recently discovered igf3 during early development of zebrafish is poorly understood. In this study, detailed expression patterns of these components of the Igf system during embryogenesis of zebrafish were analyzed. It was found that igf1 is specifically expressed in the trigeminal ganglia region from 18 hpf to 72 hpf, while igf2a is restricted to the caudal regions of the notochord from 14 hpf to 18 hpf as well as in the midbrain, dorsal hind brain and otic vesicle at 24 hpf. On the other hand, igf2a is highly expressed in the midbrain and pharyngeal arch region at 48 hpf, followed by its appearance in the liver and brain at 72 hpf, while igf2b is restricted to the floor plate and hypochord from 12 hpf to 18 hpf, and strong expression is also detected in the midbrain and dorsal hind brain at 24 hpf. The teleost specific igf3 is highly expressed in the pharyngeal arch region before 24 hpf, but is then restricted to the sternohyoideus after 48 hpf. The receptor subtype igf1ra is ubiquitously expressed before 24 hpf but is confined to the brain at 72 hpf. However, igf1rb is widely expressed before 10 hpf, but is more confined to the brain region at 24 hpf and 72 hpf. This dynamic temporal-spatial expression during embryogenesis of zebrafish, together with the unique and overlapping expression patterns of the Igf ligands and receptors suggest the coordination of the divergent functions of the Igf system during early development in zebrafish.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008024 Ligands A molecule that binds to another molecule, used especially to refer to a small molecule that binds specifically to a larger molecule, e.g., an antigen binding to an antibody, a hormone or neurotransmitter binding to a receptor, or a substrate or allosteric effector binding to an enzyme. Ligands are also molecules that donate or accept a pair of electrons to form a coordinate covalent bond with the central metal atom of a coordination complex. (From Dorland, 27th ed) Ligand
D008969 Molecular Sequence Data Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001483 Base Sequence The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence. DNA Sequence,Nucleotide Sequence,RNA Sequence,DNA Sequences,Base Sequences,Nucleotide Sequences,RNA Sequences,Sequence, Base,Sequence, DNA,Sequence, Nucleotide,Sequence, RNA,Sequences, Base,Sequences, DNA,Sequences, Nucleotide,Sequences, RNA
D013002 Somatomedins Insulin-like polypeptides made by the liver and some fibroblasts and released into the blood when stimulated by SOMATOTROPIN. They cause sulfate incorporation into collagen, RNA, and DNA synthesis, which are prerequisites to cell division and growth of the organism. Sulfation Factor,Somatomedin,Factor, Sulfation
D013997 Time Factors Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations. Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D015027 Zebrafish An exotic species of the family CYPRINIDAE, originally from Asia, that has been introduced in North America. Zebrafish is a model organism for drug assay and cancer research. Brachydanio rerio,Danio rerio,B. rerio,D. rerio,Zebra Fish,Zebra Fishes,Zebra danio,Zebrafishes,D. rerios,Fishes, Zebra,Zebra danios,danio, Zebra
D015398 Signal Transduction The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway. Cell Signaling,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Pathways,Receptor Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Transduction Pathways,Signal Transduction Systems,Pathway, Signal,Pathway, Signal Transduction,Pathways, Signal,Pathways, Signal Transduction,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transductions,Signal Pathway,Signal Transduction Pathway,Signal Transduction System,Signal Transduction, Receptor-Mediated,Signal Transductions,Signal Transductions, Receptor-Mediated,System, Signal Transduction,Systems, Signal Transduction,Transduction, Signal,Transductions, Signal
D017526 Receptor, IGF Type 1 A protein-tyrosine kinase receptor that is closely related in structure to the INSULIN RECEPTOR. Although commonly referred to as the IGF-I receptor, it binds both IGF-I and IGF-II with high affinity. It is comprised of a tetramer of two alpha and two beta subunits which are derived from cleavage of a single precursor protein. The beta subunit contains an intrinsic tyrosine kinase domain. IGF Type 1 Receptor,IGF-I Receptor,Receptor, IGF-I,Receptor, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I,Receptor, Insulin-Like Growth Factor Type 1,IGF-1 Receptor,Insulin-Like-Growth Factor I Receptor,Receptor, IGF Type 1 alpha Subunit,Receptor, IGF Type 1 beta Subunit,Receptors, IGF-1,Receptors, Insulin-Like-Growth Factor I,IGF 1 Receptor,IGF I Receptor,IGF-1 Receptors,Insulin Like Growth Factor I Receptor,Receptor, IGF I,Receptor, IGF-1,Receptors, IGF 1
D047108 Embryonic Development Morphological and physiological development of EMBRYOS. Embryo Development,Embryogenesis,Postimplantation Embryo Development,Preimplantation Embryo Development,Embryonic Programming,Post-implantation Embryo Development,Postnidation Embryo Development,Postnidation Embryo Development, Animal,Pre-implantation Embryo Development,Prenidation Embryo Development, Animal,Development, Embryo,Development, Embryonic,Development, Postnidation Embryo,Embryo Development, Post-implantation,Embryo Development, Postimplantation,Embryo Development, Postnidation,Embryo Development, Pre-implantation,Embryo Development, Preimplantation,Embryonic Developments,Embryonic Programmings,Post implantation Embryo Development,Pre implantation Embryo Development

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