Deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase-alpha activity in hamster follicles during the estrous cycle: roles of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. 1989

S K Roy, and G S Greenwald
Department of Physiology, Ralph L. Smith Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66103.

In the hamster, DNA polymerase-alpha (Pol-alpha) in follicles at stages 1-4 (1-4 layers granulosa cells and no theca) increased significantly during the proestrous (P) gonadotropin surges, remained high on estrus (E) and then declined to low levels by 09.00 h, proestrus (P). However, Pol-alpha in stages 5-8 (large preantral to small antral stages) remained steady throughout the cycle. Hypophysectomy on metestrus decreased Pol-alpha by 17 h which was reversed by 2.5 micrograms follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) but not by luteinizing hormone (LH) (2.5 micrograms) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (1 IU). Hypophysectomy on E resulted 72 h later in a fall in Pol-alpha in stages 1-6; FSH (2.5 micrograms) or LH (2 micrograms) restored enzyme activity within 5 h to stages 1-6 and 5-6, respectively. Thus, Pol-alpha in the smallest preantral follicles is induced by FSH; however, for large preantral and antral follicles, steady levels are maintained by tonic FSH and LH resulting in no apparent change in enzyme activity during active DNA synthesis.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007986 Luteinizing Hormone A major gonadotropin secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Luteinizing hormone regulates steroid production by the interstitial cells of the TESTIS and the OVARY. The preovulatory LUTEINIZING HORMONE surge in females induces OVULATION, and subsequent LUTEINIZATION of the follicle. LUTEINIZING HORMONE consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity. ICSH (Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormone),Interstitial Cell-Stimulating Hormone,LH (Luteinizing Hormone),Lutropin,Luteoziman,Luteozyman,Hormone, Interstitial Cell-Stimulating,Hormone, Luteinizing,Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormone
D008647 Mesocricetus A genus in the order Rodentia and family Cricetidae. One species, Mesocricetus auratus or golden hamster is widely used in biomedical research. Hamsters, Golden,Hamsters, Golden Syrian,Hamsters, Syrian,Mesocricetus auratus,Syrian Golden Hamster,Syrian Hamster,Golden Hamster,Golden Hamster, Syrian,Golden Hamsters,Golden Syrian Hamsters,Hamster, Golden,Hamster, Syrian,Hamster, Syrian Golden,Syrian Hamsters
D011359 Proestrus A phase of the ESTROUS CYCLE that precedes ESTRUS. During proestrus, the Graafian follicles undergo maturation.
D004257 DNA Polymerase II A DNA-dependent DNA polymerase characterized in E. coli and other lower organisms. It may be present in higher organisms and has an intrinsic molecular activity only 5% of that of DNA Polymerase I. This polymerase has 3'-5' exonuclease activity, is effective only on duplex DNA with gaps or single-strand ends of less than 100 nucleotides as template, and is inhibited by sulfhydryl reagents. DNA Polymerase epsilon,DNA-Dependent DNA Polymerase II,DNA Pol II,DNA Dependent DNA Polymerase II
D004790 Enzyme Induction An increase in the rate of synthesis of an enzyme due to the presence of an inducer which acts to derepress the gene responsible for enzyme synthesis. Induction, Enzyme
D004971 Estrus The period in the ESTROUS CYCLE associated with maximum sexual receptivity and fertility in non-primate female mammals.
D005260 Female Females
D005640 Follicle Stimulating Hormone A major gonadotropin secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates GAMETOGENESIS and the supporting cells such as the ovarian GRANULOSA CELLS, the testicular SERTOLI CELLS, and LEYDIG CELLS. FSH consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the three pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH, LH, and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity. FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone),Follicle-Stimulating Hormone,Follitropin
D006080 Ovarian Follicle An OOCYTE-containing structure in the cortex of the OVARY. The oocyte is enclosed by a layer of GRANULOSA CELLS providing a nourishing microenvironment (FOLLICULAR FLUID). The number and size of follicles vary depending on the age and reproductive state of the female. The growing follicles are divided into five stages: primary, secondary, tertiary, Graafian, and atretic. Follicular growth and steroidogenesis depend on the presence of GONADOTROPINS. Graafian Follicle,Atretic Follicle,Ovarian Follicles,Atretic Follicles,Follicle, Atretic,Follicle, Graafian,Follicle, Ovarian,Follicles, Atretic,Follicles, Graafian,Follicles, Ovarian,Graafian Follicles
D006224 Cricetinae A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS. Cricetus,Hamsters,Hamster

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