| D002118 |
Calcium |
A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes. |
Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation |
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| D006801 |
Humans |
Members of the species Homo sapiens. |
Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man |
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| D013601 |
T-Lymphocytes |
Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen. |
T Cell,T Lymphocyte,T-Cells,Thymus-Dependent Lymphocytes,Cell, T,Cells, T,Lymphocyte, T,Lymphocyte, Thymus-Dependent,Lymphocytes, T,Lymphocytes, Thymus-Dependent,T Cells,T Lymphocytes,T-Cell,T-Lymphocyte,Thymus Dependent Lymphocytes,Thymus-Dependent Lymphocyte |
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| D015398 |
Signal Transduction |
The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway. |
Cell Signaling,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Pathways,Receptor Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Transduction Pathways,Signal Transduction Systems,Pathway, Signal,Pathway, Signal Transduction,Pathways, Signal,Pathways, Signal Transduction,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transductions,Signal Pathway,Signal Transduction Pathway,Signal Transduction System,Signal Transduction, Receptor-Mediated,Signal Transductions,Signal Transductions, Receptor-Mediated,System, Signal Transduction,Systems, Signal Transduction,Transduction, Signal,Transductions, Signal |
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| D015704 |
CD4 Antigens |
55-kDa antigens found on HELPER-INDUCER T-LYMPHOCYTES and on a variety of other immune cell types. They are members of the immunoglobulin supergene family and are implicated as associative recognition elements in MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX class II-restricted immune responses. On T-lymphocytes they define the helper/inducer subset. T4 antigens also serve as INTERLEUKIN-15 receptors and bind to the HIV receptors, binding directly to the HIV ENVELOPE PROTEIN GP120. |
Antigens, CD4,CD4 Molecule,CD4 Receptor,CD4 Receptors,Receptors, CD4,T4 Antigens, T-Cell,CD4 Antigen,Receptors, Surface CD4,Surface CD4 Receptor,Antigen, CD4,Antigens, T-Cell T4,CD4 Receptor, Surface,CD4 Receptors, Surface,Receptor, CD4,Surface CD4 Receptors,T-Cell T4 Antigens,T4 Antigens, T Cell |
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| D015778 |
Minor Histocompatibility Antigens |
Allelic alloantigens often responsible for weak graft rejection in cases when (major) histocompatibility has been established by standard tests. In the mouse they are coded by more than 500 genes at up to 30 minor histocompatibility loci. The most well-known minor histocompatibility antigen in mammals is the H-Y antigen. |
Histocompatibility Antigens, Minor,Minor Histocompatibility Antigen,Minor Histocompatibility Peptide,Minor Histocompatibility Peptides,Antigen, Minor Histocompatibility,Histocompatibility Antigen, Minor,Histocompatibility Peptide, Minor,Histocompatibility Peptides, Minor,Peptide, Minor Histocompatibility |
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| D017853 |
Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) |
A group of enzymes that transfers a phosphate group onto an alcohol group acceptor. EC 2.7.1. |
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| D019169 |
Jurkat Cells |
A CELL LINE derived from human T-CELL LEUKEMIA and used to determine the mechanism of differential susceptibility to anti-cancer drugs and radiation. |
Cell, Jurkat,Cells, Jurkat,Jurkat Cell |
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| D019860 |
Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck) |
This enzyme is a lymphoid-specific src family tyrosine kinase that is critical for T-cell development and activation. Lck is associated with the cytoplasmic domains of CD4, CD8 and the beta-chain of the IL-2 receptor, and is thought to be involved in the earliest steps of TCR-mediated T-cell activation. |
Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck),lck Kinase,p56 lck,Proto-Oncogene Protein c-lck,Proto-Oncogene Protein lck,Kinase, lck,Protein c-lck, Proto-Oncogene,Protein lck, Proto-Oncogene,Proto Oncogene Protein c lck,Proto Oncogene Protein lck,c-lck, Proto-Oncogene Protein,lck, Proto-Oncogene Protein |
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