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Bilayer graphene. Tunable fractional quantum Hall phases in bilayer graphene. 2014

Patrick Maher, and Lei Wang, and Yuanda Gao, and Carlos Forsythe, and Takashi Taniguchi, and Kenji Watanabe, and Dmitry Abanin, and Zlatko Papić, and Paul Cadden-Zimansky, and James Hone, and Philip Kim, and Cory R Dean
Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.

Symmetry-breaking in a quantum system often leads to complex emergent behavior. In bilayer graphene (BLG), an electric field applied perpendicular to the basal plane breaks the inversion symmetry of the lattice, opening a band gap at the charge neutrality point. In a quantizing magnetic field, electron interactions can cause spontaneous symmetry-breaking within the spin and valley degrees of freedom, resulting in quantum Hall effect (QHE) states with complex order. Here, we report fractional QHE states in BLG that show phase transitions that can be tuned by a transverse electric field. This result provides a model platform with which to study the role of symmetry-breaking in emergent states with topological order.

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