Hypothalamic-anterior pituitary hormone deficiencies following traumatic brain injury in dogs. 2015

K Murtagh, and L Arrol, and R Goncalves, and N Granger, and A J German, and P M Smith
Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Small Animal Teaching Hospital, University of Liverpool, Chester High Road, Neston CH64 7TE, UK.

Traumatic brain injury is an important cause of hypopituitarism in human beings, but limited information exists in the veterinary literature regarding this condition. The primary study objective was to investigate whether hypothalamic-anterior pituitary axis dysfunction exists following traumatic brain injury in 17 client owned dogs. In this retrospective, observational, open, cohort study, information about dogs presented to four separate referral centres between April 2008 and October 2013 was reviewed. Cases were included if they had suffered from non-fatal traumatic brain injury, resulting in neurological dysfunction, and follow-up evaluation included measurement of the serum concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), endogenous adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), basal cortisol, thyroid-stimulating hormone, total thyroxine (TT4) and, if appropriate, free thyroxine. Decreased IGF-1 concentration was the most common abnormality detected (7/17, 41 per cent; median 132 ng/ml, range <15-536), followed by a decreased TT4 concentration (4/17, 23 per cent; median 19, range 4-49). Basal cortisol concentration was less than 20 nmol/l in two cases (2/17, 12 per cent; median 65, range <20-1735), with concurrently undetectable ACTH (<5 pg/ml). This study demonstrates that dogs with a history of traumatic brain injury can develop endocrine abnormalities indicative of hypothalamic-anterior pituitary dysfunction.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007018 Hypopituitarism Diminution or cessation of secretion of one or more hormones from the anterior pituitary gland (including LH; FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE; SOMATOTROPIN; and CORTICOTROPIN). This may result from surgical or radiation ablation, non-secretory PITUITARY NEOPLASMS, metastatic tumors, infarction, PITUITARY APOPLEXY, infiltrative or granulomatous processes, and other conditions. Adenohypophyseal Hyposecretion,Anterior Pituitary Hyposecretion Syndrome,Sheehan Syndrome,Simmonds Disease,Hyposecretion Syndrome, Anterior Pituitary,Hyposecretion, Adenohypophyseal,Pituitary Insufficiency,Postpartum Hypopituitarism,Postpartum Panhypopituitarism,Postpartum Pituitary Insufficiency,Sheehan's Syndrome,Simmonds' Disease,Disease, Simmonds,Hypopituitarism, Postpartum,Insufficiency, Pituitary,Panhypopituitarism, Postpartum,Pituitary Insufficiency, Postpartum,Sheehans Syndrome,Simmond's Disease,Syndrome, Sheehan,Syndrome, Sheehan's
D008297 Male Males
D001930 Brain Injuries Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits. Brain Lacerations,Acute Brain Injuries,Brain Injuries, Acute,Brain Injuries, Focal,Focal Brain Injuries,Injuries, Acute Brain,Injuries, Brain,Acute Brain Injury,Brain Injury,Brain Injury, Acute,Brain Injury, Focal,Brain Laceration,Focal Brain Injury,Injuries, Focal Brain,Injury, Acute Brain,Injury, Brain,Injury, Focal Brain,Laceration, Brain,Lacerations, Brain
D004285 Dogs The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065) Canis familiaris,Dog
D005260 Female Females
D000324 Adrenocorticotropic Hormone An anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the ADRENAL CORTEX and its production of CORTICOSTEROIDS. ACTH is a 39-amino acid polypeptide of which the N-terminal 24-amino acid segment is identical in all species and contains the adrenocorticotrophic activity. Upon further tissue-specific processing, ACTH can yield ALPHA-MSH and corticotrophin-like intermediate lobe peptide (CLIP). ACTH,Adrenocorticotropin,Corticotropin,1-39 ACTH,ACTH (1-39),Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone,Corticotrophin,Corticotrophin (1-39),Corticotropin (1-39),Hormone, Adrenocorticotrophic,Hormone, Adrenocorticotropic
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012189 Retrospective Studies Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons. Retrospective Study,Studies, Retrospective,Study, Retrospective

Related Publications

K Murtagh, and L Arrol, and R Goncalves, and N Granger, and A J German, and P M Smith
September 2005, Journal of neurotrauma,
K Murtagh, and L Arrol, and R Goncalves, and N Granger, and A J German, and P M Smith
May 2006, Clinical endocrinology,
K Murtagh, and L Arrol, and R Goncalves, and N Granger, and A J German, and P M Smith
June 2009, Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001),
K Murtagh, and L Arrol, and R Goncalves, and N Granger, and A J German, and P M Smith
May 2015, Journal of clinical medicine,
K Murtagh, and L Arrol, and R Goncalves, and N Granger, and A J German, and P M Smith
June 2010, Journal of pediatric nursing,
K Murtagh, and L Arrol, and R Goncalves, and N Granger, and A J German, and P M Smith
May 2005, Brain injury,
K Murtagh, and L Arrol, and R Goncalves, and N Granger, and A J German, and P M Smith
April 1992, The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India,
K Murtagh, and L Arrol, and R Goncalves, and N Granger, and A J German, and P M Smith
March 1970, Saishin igaku. Modern medicine,
K Murtagh, and L Arrol, and R Goncalves, and N Granger, and A J German, and P M Smith
January 2013, The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation,
K Murtagh, and L Arrol, and R Goncalves, and N Granger, and A J German, and P M Smith
January 2015, Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism,
Copied contents to your clipboard!