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The present study evaluated the viability of a classical conditioning procedure with an air puff as unconditioned stimulus for the hearing assessment of multiply handicapped children and adolescents. All subjects were also exposed to operant conditioning, which consisted of a modified visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA) procedure or involved edible reinforcement contingent on a reaching response (for blind subjects). The findings indicate that the classical conditioning procedure was successful with 21 of the 23 subjects, whereas operant conditioning succeeded with 15 of the subjects. Thresholds obtained with classical conditioning were mostly equal to or within 10 dB of those obtained with operant conditioning and also matched previously available hearing estimates. These findings seem to suggest that the classical procedure can be a useful behavioral alternative for audiological assessment.
G E Lancioni, and
F Coninx, and
P M Smeets
December 1979,
Developmental medicine and child neurology,
G E Lancioni, and
F Coninx, and
P M Smeets
September 1980,
International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology,
G E Lancioni, and
F Coninx, and
P M Smeets
January 1995,
Scandinavian audiology. Supplementum,
G E Lancioni, and
F Coninx, and
P M Smeets
August 1989,
Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry,
G E Lancioni, and
F Coninx, and
P M Smeets
May 2006,
Vaccine,
G E Lancioni, and
F Coninx, and
P M Smeets
May 2009,
La Revue du praticien,
G E Lancioni, and
F Coninx, and
P M Smeets
August 1981,
American annals of the deaf,
G E Lancioni, and
F Coninx, and
P M Smeets
January 1995,
Scandinavian audiology. Supplementum,
G E Lancioni, and
F Coninx, and
P M Smeets
January 2010,
Studies in health technology and informatics,
G E Lancioni, and
F Coninx, and
P M Smeets
January 1983,
Applied research in mental retardation,
