Biomaterial Database

[Gingival hypertrophy induced by diphenylhydantoin]. 1989

G Capozi, and G Gavina

Forty years after it was first described, diphenylhydantoin-induced gum hypertrophy has still not found an explanation of its pathophysiologic mechanism. The authors review the incidence, modes of onset and possible pathogenetic factors of this side effect and stress local hygiene as the most effective means of provention, so far.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010672	Phenytoin	An anticonvulsant that is used to treat a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. The mechanism of therapeutic action is not clear, although several cellular actions have been described including effects on ion channels, active transport, and general membrane stabilization. The mechanism of its muscle relaxant effect appears to involve a reduction in the sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch. Phenytoin has been proposed for several other therapeutic uses, but its use has been limited by its many adverse effects and interactions with other drugs.	Diphenylhydantoin,Fenitoin,Phenhydan,5,5-Diphenylhydantoin,5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,Antisacer,Difenin,Dihydan,Dilantin,Epamin,Epanutin,Hydantol,Phenytoin Sodium,Sodium Diphenylhydantoinate,Diphenylhydantoinate, Sodium
D005886	Gingival Hypertrophy	Abnormal enlargement or overgrowth of the gingivae brought about by enlargement of existing cells.	Gingival Hypertrophies,Hypertrophies, Gingival,Hypertrophy, Gingival
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man