Comparison of in-situ and ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis in a micro-reactor system. 2014

Kaige Wang, and Patrick A Johnston, and Robert C Brown
Center for Sustainable Environmental Technologies, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States.

In this study, we compared ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis (CP) and in-situ CP of hybrid poplar in a micro-reactor system. When both pyrolysis and catalysis were performed at 700 °C, the carbon yield of olefins was greater for ex-situ CP than for in-situ CP (17.4% vs. 5.4%). On the other hand, in-situ CP produced more aromatic hydrocarbons than ex-situ CP (26.1% vs. 18.9%). The remarkably high yield of olefins from ex-situ CP indicates the potential of exploiting the process to preferentially produce olefins as a primary product from biomass, with aromatics being the secondary products. The carbon yield of carbonaceous residues from ex-situ CP was 18.6% compared to 31.3% for in-situ CP. Substantial carbon was deposited as char during ex-situ CP, which could be easily recovered as by-product, simplifying catalyst regeneration. The effects of catalyst loading, pyrolysis temperature and catalysis temperature on product distributions for ex-situ CP were also investigated. Our results showed that catalyst temperature strongly affected product distribution. While high catalyst temperature enhanced both olefin and aromatic production, yield of olefin increased to a greater extent than did aromatics. Neither pyrolysis temperature nor catalyst loadings had significant effect on product distribution for ex-situ CP.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008904 Miniaturization The design or construction of objects greatly reduced in scale. Miniaturisation,Miniaturisations,Miniaturizations
D002384 Catalysis The facilitation of a chemical reaction by material (catalyst) that is not consumed by the reaction. Catalyses
D004867 Equipment Design Methods and patterns of fabricating machines and related hardware. Design, Equipment,Device Design,Medical Device Design,Design, Medical Device,Designs, Medical Device,Device Design, Medical,Device Designs, Medical,Medical Device Designs,Design, Device,Designs, Device,Designs, Equipment,Device Designs,Equipment Designs
D006358 Hot Temperature Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm. Heat,Hot Temperatures,Temperature, Hot,Temperatures, Hot
D006361 Heating The application of heat to raise the temperature of the environment, ambient or local, or the systems for accomplishing this effect. It is distinguished from HEAT, the physical property and principle of physics.
D000475 Alkenes Unsaturated hydrocarbons of the type Cn-H2n, indicated by the suffix -ene. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p408) Alkene,Olefin,Olefins,Pentene,Pentenes
D017641 Zeolites Zeolites. A group of crystalline, hydrated alkali-aluminum silicates. They occur naturally in sedimentary and volcanic rocks, altered basalts, ores, and clay deposits. Some 40 known zeolite minerals and a great number of synthetic zeolites are available commercially. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Zeolite
D019149 Bioreactors Tools or devices for generating products using the synthetic or chemical conversion capacity of a biological system. They can be classical fermentors, cell culture perfusion systems, or enzyme bioreactors. For production of proteins or enzymes, recombinant microorganisms such as bacteria, mammalian cells, or insect or plant cells are usually chosen. Fermentors,Bioreactor,Fermentor
D019544 Equipment Failure Analysis The evaluation of incidents involving the loss of function of a device. These evaluations are used for a variety of purposes such as to determine the failure rates, the causes of failures, costs of failures, and the reliability and maintainability of devices. Materials Failure Analysis,Prosthesis Failure Analysis,Analysis, Equipment Failure,Analysis, Materials Failure,Analysis, Prosthesis Failure,Analyses, Equipment Failure,Analyses, Materials Failure,Analyses, Prosthesis Failure,Equipment Failure Analyses,Failure Analyses, Equipment,Failure Analyses, Materials,Failure Analyses, Prosthesis,Failure Analysis, Equipment,Failure Analysis, Materials,Failure Analysis, Prosthesis,Materials Failure Analyses,Prosthesis Failure Analyses
D032107 Populus A plant genus of the family SALICACEAE. Balm of Gilead is a common name used for P. candicans, or P. gileadensis, or P. jackii, and sometimes also used for ABIES BALSAMEA or for COMMIPHORA. Cottonwood,Poplar, Balsam,Poplar, Black,Poplar, True,Populus balsamifera,Populus fremontii,Populus nigra,Balsam Poplar,Balsam Poplars,Black Poplar,Black Poplars,Cottonwoods,Poplars, Balsam,Poplars, Black,Poplars, True,Populus balsamiferas,Populus fremontius,Populus nigras,True Poplar,True Poplars,balsamiferas, Populus,fremontius, Populus,nigras, Populus

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