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We investigated immune responses in 63 mentally retarded patients each given a low-dose (4 micrograms) intradermally of plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine made in Japan and which was repeated after 1 and 6 months. Two doses of the vaccine induced antibodies in 85.5% these patients. A further dose 6 months later induced antibodies in 93.5% of the recipients and markedly increased the proportion of recipients with acceptable or high concentrations of antibody. The numbers of acceptable and high responders decreased slightly during a period of 12 months. The rate of acquiring antibody was significantly higher in the males. No significant differences in antibody response with regard to age and type of disease were observed. One patient with Down's syndrome, who acquired a low concentration of antibody after vaccination, was infected with hepatitis B virus. Supplementary vaccination may be necessary for poor responders in order to obtain protection. Side-effects resulting from the vaccination were not severe in any patients. These results suggest that low-dose, intradermal hepatitis B vaccination is safe and effective.
J Hayashi, and
S Kashiwagi, and
A Noguchi, and
K Nakashima, and
H Ikematsu, and
W Kajiyama
February 1988,
Vaccine,
J Hayashi, and
S Kashiwagi, and
A Noguchi, and
K Nakashima, and
H Ikematsu, and
W Kajiyama
January 1984,
Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.),
J Hayashi, and
S Kashiwagi, and
A Noguchi, and
K Nakashima, and
H Ikematsu, and
W Kajiyama
April 1989,
Vaccine,
J Hayashi, and
S Kashiwagi, and
A Noguchi, and
K Nakashima, and
H Ikematsu, and
W Kajiyama
December 1992,
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America,
J Hayashi, and
S Kashiwagi, and
A Noguchi, and
K Nakashima, and
H Ikematsu, and
W Kajiyama
January 1983,
Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum,
J Hayashi, and
S Kashiwagi, and
A Noguchi, and
K Nakashima, and
H Ikematsu, and
W Kajiyama
February 1999,
Vaccine,
J Hayashi, and
S Kashiwagi, and
A Noguchi, and
K Nakashima, and
H Ikematsu, and
W Kajiyama
July 1985,
Missouri medicine,
J Hayashi, and
S Kashiwagi, and
A Noguchi, and
K Nakashima, and
H Ikematsu, and
W Kajiyama
June 1991,
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J Hayashi, and
S Kashiwagi, and
A Noguchi, and
K Nakashima, and
H Ikematsu, and
W Kajiyama
October 1986,
American journal of infection control,
J Hayashi, and
S Kashiwagi, and
A Noguchi, and
K Nakashima, and
H Ikematsu, and
W Kajiyama
December 1986,
Lancet (London, England),
