Biomaterial Database

Distribution of EP4 receptor in different Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) tissues. 2015

A A A Gamil, and T-C Guo, and M König, and Ø Evensen

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 8146 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway.

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an important lipid mediator that plays diverse functions in mammals. Four receptor subtypes of PGE2, designated EP1-4, have been identified to mediate its signaling pathways. Extensive studies of PGE2 and its receptors have been carried out in mammals, but little is known in fish, including Atlantic salmon. In the current study, the distribution of Atlantic salmon EP4 receptor in different tissues was investigated using RT- and real-time PCR. A custom made antibody was used to investigate the distribution of this receptor in different tissues. Quantitative analysis by real-time PCR revealed that the expression was more abundant in the spleen followed by head kidney, skin and fin while it was least expressed in heart, muscles and brain. The staining intensity obtained by immunohistochemistry correlated with the RT-PCR results. EP4 expression was strongly associated with the immune cells in different tissues. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe the distribution of EP4 receptor in Atlantic salmon tissues. Our findings suggest that EP4 may play a role in mediating immune responses as observed in mammals.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007668	Kidney	Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.	Kidneys
D002478	Cells, Cultured	Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.	Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012867	Skin	The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.
D013154	Spleen	An encapsulated lymphatic organ through which venous blood filters.
D014018	Tissue Distribution	Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.	Distribution, Tissue,Distributions, Tissue,Tissue Distributions
D058309	Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype	A subtype of prostaglandin E receptors that specifically couples to GS ALPHA GTP-BINDING PROTEIN SUBUNITS and subsequently activates ADENYLYL CYCLASES. The receptor may also signal through the activation of PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE.	PGE Receptor, EP4 Subtype,Prostaglandin E Receptor 4,Prostaglandin E2 Receptor, EP4 Subtype,Prostaglandin EP4 Receptors,Prostanoid Receptor EP4,Receptor, Prostaglandin EP4,EP4 Receptor, Prostaglandin,EP4 Receptors, Prostaglandin,EP4, Prostanoid Receptor,Prostaglandin EP4 Receptor,Receptor EP4, Prostanoid,Receptors, Prostaglandin EP4
D058500	Animal Fins	Membranous appendage of fish and other aquatic organisms used for locomotion or balance.	Animal Fin,Fin, Animal,Fins, Animal
D018076	DNA, Complementary	Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.	Complementary DNA,cDNA,cDNA Probes,Probes, cDNA
D020317	Salmo salar	A commercially important species of SALMON in the family SALMONIDAE, order SALMONIFORMES, which occurs in the North Atlantic.	Atlantic Salmon,Salmon, Atlantic,Atlantic Salmons,Salmons, Atlantic