Limonene: a versatile chemical of the bioeconomy. 2014

Rosaria Ciriminna, and Monica Lomeli-Rodriguez, and Piera Demma Carà, and Jose A Lopez-Sanchez, and Mario Pagliaro
Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy. mario.pagliaro@cnr.it.

(+)-Limonene is a renewable chemical with numerous and growing applications. Its traditional uses such as flavor, fragrance and green solvent are rapidly expanding to include its utilization as a platform chemical, extraction solvent for natural products and an active agent for functionalized products. We anticipate that the expansion in uses for limonene will translate into increasing production and use of this relevant natural product, especially for advanced applications.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010476 Perfume A substance, extract, or preparation for diffusing or imparting an agreeable or attractive smell, especially a fluid containing fragrant natural oils extracted from flowers, woods, etc., or similar synthetic oils. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)
D010575 Pesticides Chemicals used to destroy pests of any sort. The concept includes fungicides (FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL); INSECTICIDES; RODENTICIDES; etc. Pesticide
D011108 Polymers Compounds formed by the joining of smaller, usually repeating, units linked by covalent bonds. These compounds often form large macromolecules (e.g., BIOPOLYMERS; PLASTICS). Polymer
D005421 Flavoring Agents Substances added to foods and medicine to improve the taste. Flavor Additives,Flavor Enhancers,Additive, Flavor,Additives, Flavor,Agent, Flavoring,Agents, Flavoring,Enhancer, Flavor,Enhancers, Flavor,Flavor Additive,Flavor Enhancer,Flavoring Agent
D000077222 Limonene A naturally-occurring class of MONOTERPENES which occur as a clear colorless liquid at room temperature. Limonene is the major component in the oil of oranges which has many uses, including as flavor and fragrance. It is recognized as safe in food by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (+)-(R)-4-isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene,(+)-Limonene,(-)-Limonene,(4R)-1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene,(4S)-1-methyl-4-isopropenylcyclohex-1-ene,(D)-Limonene,(R)-(+)-Limonene,(R)-4-isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene,1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene,4-Mentha-1,8-diene,AISA 5203-L (+)Limonene,Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-, (4R)-,Dipentene,Limonene, (+)-,Limonene, (+-)-,Limonene, (+-)-isomer,Limonene, (R)-isomer,Limonene, (S)-isomer,d-Limonene,4 Mentha 1,8 diene,d Limonene
D001688 Biological Products Complex pharmaceutical substances, preparations, or matter derived from organisms usually obtained by biological methods or assay. Biologic,Biologic Drug,Biologic Product,Biological,Biological Drug,Biological Medicine,Biological Product,Biologics,Biopharmaceutical,Natural Product,Natural Products,Biologic Drugs,Biologic Medicines,Biologic Pharmaceuticals,Biologic Products,Biological Drugs,Biological Medicines,Biologicals,Biopharmaceuticals,Products, Biological,Drug, Biologic,Drug, Biological,Drugs, Biologic,Drugs, Biological,Medicine, Biological,Medicines, Biologic,Medicines, Biological,Pharmaceuticals, Biologic,Product, Biologic,Product, Biological,Product, Natural
D012997 Solvents Liquids that dissolve other substances (solutes), generally solids, without any change in chemical composition, as, water containing sugar. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) Solvent
D013729 Terpenes A class of compounds composed of repeating 5-carbon units of HEMITERPENES. Isoprenoid,Terpene,Terpenoid,Isoprenoids,Terpenoids
D053138 Cyclohexenes Six-carbon alicyclic hydrocarbons which contain one or more double bonds in the ring. The cyclohexadienes are not aromatic, in contrast to BENZOQUINONES which are sometimes called 2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diones. Cyclohexadienes
D032084 Citrus sinensis A plant species of the genus CITRUS, family RUTACEAE that provides the familiar orange fruit which is also a source of orange oil. Orange Tree,Oranges,Citrus sinenses,Orange,Orange Trees,Tree, Orange,Trees, Orange,sinensis, Citrus

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