BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

The actions of a red tide toxin from Ptychodiscus brevis on single sodium channels in mammalian neuroblastoma cells. 1989

R E Sheridan, and M Adler
Neurotoxicology Branch, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, APG, MD 21010.

The actions of brevetoxin (PbTX-3) were studied on single, voltage-dependent sodium channels and whole-cell currents from the neuroblastoma x glioma cell line NG108-15. Purified PbTX-3 shifted the activation of sodium channels to membrane potentials negative to normal. PbTX-3 did not alter the single-channel mean open lifetime, suggesting that the toxin does not change the rate of sodium channel inactivation from the open state. There was also no change in single-channel conductance. These results indicate that brevetoxin increases sodium current at rest by shifting the voltage dependence of channel activation and that the resulting depolarization is limited by channel inactivation.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008387 Marine Toxins Toxic or poisonous substances elaborated by marine flora or fauna. They include also specific, characterized poisons or toxins for which there is no more specific heading, like those from poisonous FISHES. Marine Biotoxins,Phycotoxins
D008564 Membrane Potentials The voltage differences across a membrane. For cellular membranes they are computed by subtracting the voltage measured outside the membrane from the voltage measured inside the membrane. They result from differences of inside versus outside concentration of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other ions across cells' or ORGANELLES membranes. For excitable cells, the resting membrane potentials range between -30 and -100 millivolts. Physical, chemical, or electrical stimuli can make a membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), or less negative (depolarization). Resting Potentials,Transmembrane Potentials,Delta Psi,Resting Membrane Potential,Transmembrane Electrical Potential Difference,Transmembrane Potential Difference,Difference, Transmembrane Potential,Differences, Transmembrane Potential,Membrane Potential,Membrane Potential, Resting,Membrane Potentials, Resting,Potential Difference, Transmembrane,Potential Differences, Transmembrane,Potential, Membrane,Potential, Resting,Potential, Transmembrane,Potentials, Membrane,Potentials, Resting,Potentials, Transmembrane,Resting Membrane Potentials,Resting Potential,Transmembrane Potential,Transmembrane Potential Differences
D009447 Neuroblastoma A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51) Neuroblastomas
D009466 Neuromuscular Blocking Agents Drugs that interrupt transmission of nerve impulses at the skeletal neuromuscular junction. They can be of two types, competitive, stabilizing blockers (NEUROMUSCULAR NONDEPOLARIZING AGENTS) or noncompetitive, depolarizing agents (NEUROMUSCULAR DEPOLARIZING AGENTS). Both prevent acetylcholine from triggering the muscle contraction and they are used as anesthesia adjuvants, as relaxants during electroshock, in convulsive states, etc. Neuromuscular Blocker,Neuromuscular Blocking Agent,Neuromuscular Blockers,Agent, Neuromuscular Blocking,Agents, Neuromuscular Blocking,Blocker, Neuromuscular,Blockers, Neuromuscular,Blocking Agent, Neuromuscular,Blocking Agents, Neuromuscular
D004141 Dinoflagellida Flagellate EUKARYOTES, found mainly in the oceans. They are characterized by the presence of transverse and longitudinal flagella which propel the organisms in a rotating manner through the water. Dinoflagellida were formerly members of the class Phytomastigophorea under the old five kingdom paradigm. Amphidinium,Dinoflagellata,Dinophyceae,Dinophycidae,Dinophyta,Dinophytes,Gambierdiscus toxicus,Gonyaulax,Gymnodinium,Peridinium,Pyrrhophyta,Pyrrophyta,Dinoflagellates
D004553 Electric Conductivity The ability of a substrate to allow the passage of ELECTRONS. Electrical Conductivity,Conductivity, Electric,Conductivity, Electrical
D005910 Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21) Glial Cell Tumors,Malignant Glioma,Mixed Glioma,Glial Cell Tumor,Glioma, Malignant,Glioma, Mixed,Gliomas,Gliomas, Malignant,Gliomas, Mixed,Malignant Gliomas,Mixed Gliomas,Tumor, Glial Cell,Tumors, Glial Cell
D006822 Hybrid Cells Any cell, other than a ZYGOTE, that contains elements (such as NUCLEI and CYTOPLASM) from two or more different cells, usually produced by artificial CELL FUSION. Somatic Cell Hybrids,Cell Hybrid, Somatic,Cell Hybrids, Somatic,Cell, Hybrid,Cells, Hybrid,Hybrid Cell,Hybrid, Somatic Cell,Hybrids, Somatic Cell,Somatic Cell Hybrid
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013779 Tetrodotoxin An aminoperhydroquinazoline poison found mainly in the liver and ovaries of fishes in the order TETRAODONTIFORMES, which are eaten. The toxin causes paresthesia and paralysis through interference with neuromuscular conduction. Fugu Toxin,Tarichatoxin,Tetradotoxin,Toxin, Fugu

Related Publications

R E Sheridan, and M Adler
Red tide (Ptychodiscus brevis) toxin aerosols: a review.
January 1986, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology,
R E Sheridan, and M Adler
Actions of Ptychodiscus brevis red tide toxin on metabolic and transmitter-releasing properties of synaptosomes.
November 1982, Journal of neurochemistry,
R E Sheridan, and M Adler
Crystallization and toxicology of T34: a major toxin from Florida's red tide organism (Ptychodiscus brevis).
January 1981, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology,
R E Sheridan, and M Adler
Lower airway smooth muscle contraction induced by Ptychodiscus brevis (red tide) toxin.
June 1987, The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology,
R E Sheridan, and M Adler
Toxicity of two toxins from the Florida red tide marine dinoflagellate, Ptychodiscus brevis.
January 1982, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology,
R E Sheridan, and M Adler
Structure of brevetoxin A (GB-1 toxin), the most potent toxin in the Florida red tide organism Gymnodinium breve (Ptychodiscus brevis).
February 1986, Journal of the American Chemical Society,
R E Sheridan, and M Adler
Neuromuscular blocking action of two brevetoxins from the Florida red tide organism Ptychodiscus brevis.
January 1984, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology,
R E Sheridan, and M Adler
Effects of toxin of red tide, Ptychodiscus brevis, on canine tracheal smooth muscle: a possible new asthma-triggering mechanism.
May 1982, The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology,
R E Sheridan, and M Adler
Brevetoxins: chemistry and pharmacology of 'red tide' toxins from Ptychodiscus brevis (formerly Gymnodinium breve).
January 1985, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology,
R E Sheridan, and M Adler
Specific antibodies directed against toxins of Ptychodiscus brevis (Florida's red tide dinoflagellate).
January 1984, Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology,
Copied contents to your clipboard!