Biomaterial Database

Impact of stent strut design in metallic stents and biodegradable scaffolds. 2014

Nicolas Foin, and Renick D Lee, and Ryo Torii, and Juan Luis Guitierrez-Chico, and Alessio Mattesini, and Sukhjinder Nijjer, and Sayan Sen, and Ricardo Petraco, and Justin E Davies, and Carlo Di Mario, and Michael Joner, and Renu Virmani, and Philip Wong

National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: nicolas.foin@nhcs.com.sg.

Advances in the understanding of healing mechanisms after stent implantation have led to the recognition of stent strut thickness as an essential factor affecting re-endothelialization and overall long term vessel healing response after Percutaneous Coronary Interventions (PCI). Emergence of Drug-eluting stents (DESs) with anti-proliferative coating has contributed to reducing the incidence of restenosis and Target Lesion Revascularization (TVR), while progress and innovations in stent materials have in the meantime facilitated the design of newer platforms with more conformability and thinner struts, producing lesser injury and improving integration into the vessel wall. Recent advances in biodegradable metal and polymer materials now also allow for the design of fully biodegradable platforms, which are aimed at scaffolding the vessel only temporarily to prevent recoil and constrictive remodeling of the vessel during the initial period required, and are then progressively resorbed thereby avoiding the drawback of leaving an unnecessary implant permanently in the vessel. The aim of this article is to review recent evolution in stent material and stent strut design while understanding their impact on PCI outcomes. The article describes the different metallic alloys and biodegradable material properties and how these have impacted the evolution of stent strut thickness and ultimately outcomes in patients.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008670	Metals	Electropositive chemical elements characterized by ductility, malleability, luster, and conductance of heat and electricity. They can replace the hydrogen of an acid and form bases with hydroxyl radicals. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Metal
D011474	Prosthesis Design	The plan and delineation of prostheses in general or a specific prosthesis.	Design, Prosthesis,Designs, Prosthesis,Prosthesis Designs
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012307	Risk Factors	An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, inborn or inherited characteristic, which, based on epidemiological evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.	Health Correlates,Risk Factor Scores,Risk Scores,Social Risk Factors,Population at Risk,Populations at Risk,Correlates, Health,Factor, Risk,Factor, Social Risk,Factors, Social Risk,Risk Factor,Risk Factor Score,Risk Factor, Social,Risk Factors, Social,Risk Score,Score, Risk,Score, Risk Factor,Social Risk Factor
D015607	Stents	Devices that provide support for tubular structures that are being anastomosed or for body cavities during skin grafting.	Stent
D054457	Tissue Scaffolds	Cell growth support structures composed of BIOCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS. They are specially designed solid support matrices for cell attachment in TISSUE ENGINEERING and GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION uses.	Tissue Scaffolding,Scaffold, Tissue,Scaffolding, Tissue,Scaffoldings, Tissue,Scaffolds, Tissue,Tissue Scaffold,Tissue Scaffoldings
D054855	Drug-Eluting Stents	Stents that are covered with materials that are embedded with chemicals that are gradually released into the surrounding milieu.	Drug-Coated Stent,Drug-Coated Stents,Drug-Eluting Stent,Stents, Drug-Coated,Stents, Drug-Eluting,Drug Coated Stent,Drug Coated Stents,Drug Eluting Stent,Drug Eluting Stents,Stent, Drug-Coated,Stent, Drug-Eluting,Stents, Drug Coated,Stents, Drug Eluting
D020341	Absorbable Implants	Implants constructed of materials designed to be absorbed by the body without producing an immune response. They are usually composed of plastics and are frequently used in orthopedics and orthodontics.	Bioabsorbable Implants,Biodegradable Implants,Implants, Absorbable,Absorbable Implant,Bioabsorbable Implant,Biodegradable Implant,Implant, Absorbable,Implant, Bioabsorbable,Implant, Biodegradable,Implants, Bioabsorbable,Implants, Biodegradable