Biomaterial Database

The Epstein-Barr virus BMLF1 promoter contains an enhancer element that is responsive to the BZLF1 and BRLF1 transactivators. 1989

S Kenney, and E Holley-Guthrie, and E C Mar, and M Smith

Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27514.

We have previously shown that the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) immediate-early gene product, BZLF1, can activate expression of the EBV BMLF1 immediate-early promoter in EBV-positive, but not EBV-negative, B cells, suggesting that the BZLF1 effect may be mediated through another EBV gene product (S. Kenney, J. Kamine, E. Holley-Guthrie, J.-C. Lin, E.-C. Mar, and J. S. Pagano, J. Virol. 63:1729-1736, 1989). Here, we show that the EBV BRLF1 immediate-early gene product transactivates the BMLF1 promoter in either EBV-positive or EBV-negative B cells. Deletional analysis revealed that both the BZLF1-responsive region and the BRLF1-responsive region of the BMLF1 promoter are contained within the same 140-base-pair FokI-PvuII fragment located 300 base pairs upstream of the mRNA start site. This FokI-PvuII fragment functions as an enhancer element in the presence of the BRLF1 transactivator and contains the sequence CCGTGGAGA ATGTC, which is strikingly similar to the BRLF1-responsive region of the EBV DR/DL enhancer (A. Chevallier-Greco, H. Gruffat, E. Manet, A. Calender, and A. Sergeant, J. Virol. 63:615-623, 1989). The effect of BZLF1 on the BMLF1 promoter is likely to be indirect and mediated through the BRLF1 transactivator.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009154	Mutation	Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.	Mutations
D011401	Promoter Regions, Genetic	DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.	rRNA Promoter,Early Promoters, Genetic,Late Promoters, Genetic,Middle Promoters, Genetic,Promoter Regions,Promoter, Genetic,Promotor Regions,Promotor, Genetic,Pseudopromoter, Genetic,Early Promoter, Genetic,Genetic Late Promoter,Genetic Middle Promoters,Genetic Promoter,Genetic Promoter Region,Genetic Promoter Regions,Genetic Promoters,Genetic Promotor,Genetic Promotors,Genetic Pseudopromoter,Genetic Pseudopromoters,Late Promoter, Genetic,Middle Promoter, Genetic,Promoter Region,Promoter Region, Genetic,Promoter, Genetic Early,Promoter, rRNA,Promoters, Genetic,Promoters, Genetic Middle,Promoters, rRNA,Promotor Region,Promotors, Genetic,Pseudopromoters, Genetic,Region, Genetic Promoter,Region, Promoter,Region, Promotor,Regions, Genetic Promoter,Regions, Promoter,Regions, Promotor,rRNA Promoters
D004742	Enhancer Elements, Genetic	Cis-acting DNA sequences which can increase transcription of genes. Enhancers can usually function in either orientation and at various distances from a promoter.	Enhancer Elements,Enhancer Sequences,Element, Enhancer,Element, Genetic Enhancer,Elements, Enhancer,Elements, Genetic Enhancer,Enhancer Element,Enhancer Element, Genetic,Enhancer Sequence,Genetic Enhancer Element,Genetic Enhancer Elements,Sequence, Enhancer,Sequences, Enhancer
D004854	Herpesvirus 4, Human	The type species of LYMPHOCRYPTOVIRUS, subfamily GAMMAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting B-cells in humans. It is thought to be the causative agent of INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS and is strongly associated with oral hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY;), BURKITT LYMPHOMA; and other malignancies.	Burkitt Herpesvirus,Burkitt Lymphoma Virus,E-B Virus,EBV,Epstein-Barr Virus,Human Herpesvirus 4,Infectious Mononucleosis Virus,Burkitt's Lymphoma Virus,HHV-4,Herpesvirus 4 (gamma), Human,Burkitts Lymphoma Virus,E B Virus,E-B Viruses,Epstein Barr Virus,Herpesvirus, Burkitt,Infectious Mononucleosis Viruses,Lymphoma Virus, Burkitt,Mononucleosis Virus, Infectious,Mononucleosis Viruses, Infectious
D001483	Base Sequence	The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.	DNA Sequence,Nucleotide Sequence,RNA Sequence,DNA Sequences,Base Sequences,Nucleotide Sequences,RNA Sequences,Sequence, Base,Sequence, DNA,Sequence, Nucleotide,Sequence, RNA,Sequences, Base,Sequences, DNA,Sequences, Nucleotide,Sequences, RNA
D012333	RNA, Messenger	RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.	Messenger RNA,Messenger RNA, Polyadenylated,Poly(A) Tail,Poly(A)+ RNA,Poly(A)+ mRNA,RNA, Messenger, Polyadenylated,RNA, Polyadenylated,mRNA,mRNA, Non-Polyadenylated,mRNA, Polyadenylated,Non-Polyadenylated mRNA,Poly(A) RNA,Polyadenylated mRNA,Non Polyadenylated mRNA,Polyadenylated Messenger RNA,Polyadenylated RNA,RNA, Polyadenylated Messenger,mRNA, Non Polyadenylated
D014157	Transcription Factors	Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.	Transcription Factor,Factor, Transcription,Factors, Transcription
D014764	Viral Proteins	Proteins found in any species of virus.	Gene Products, Viral,Viral Gene Products,Viral Gene Proteins,Viral Protein,Protein, Viral,Proteins, Viral
D015500	Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase	An enzyme that catalyzes the acetylation of chloramphenicol to yield chloramphenicol 3-acetate. Since chloramphenicol 3-acetate does not bind to bacterial ribosomes and is not an inhibitor of peptidyltransferase, the enzyme is responsible for the naturally occurring chloramphenicol resistance in bacteria. The enzyme, for which variants are known, is found in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. EC 2.3.1.28.	CAT Enzyme,Chloramphenicol Acetyltransferase,Chloramphenicol Transacetylase,Acetyltransferase, Chloramphenicol,Chloramphenicol O Acetyltransferase,Enzyme, CAT,O-Acetyltransferase, Chloramphenicol,Transacetylase, Chloramphenicol
D015696	Gene Products, tat	Trans-acting transcription factors produced by retroviruses such as HIV. They are nuclear proteins whose expression is required for viral replication. The tat protein stimulates LONG TERMINAL REPEAT-driven RNA synthesis for both viral regulatory and viral structural proteins. Tat stands for trans-activation of transcription.	tat Gene Products,tat Protein,Gene Product, tat,tat Gene Product