Characterisation of the aerobic bacterial flora of boid snakes: application of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. 2015

Bastian Plenz, and Volker Schmidt, and Anke Grosse-Herrenthey, and Monika Krüger, and Michael Pees
Clinic for Birds and Reptiles, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 17, Leipzig 04103, Germany.

The aim of this study was to identify aerobic bacterial isolates from the respiratory tract of boids with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). From 47 boid snakes, swabs from the oral cavity, tracheal wash samples and, in cases in which postmortem examination was performed, pulmonary tissue samples were taken. Each snake was classified as having inflammation of the respiratory tract and/or oral cavity, or without evidence of inflammation based on combination of clinical, cytological and histopathological findings. Samples collected from the respiratory tract and oral cavity were inoculated onto routine media and bacteria were cultured aerobically. All morphologically distinct individual colonies obtained were analysed using MALDI-TOF MS. Unidentified isolates detected in more than three snakes were selected for further 16S rDNA PCR and sequencing. Among all examined isolates (n=243), 49 per cent (n=119) could be sufficiently speciated using MALDI-TOF MS. Molecular biology revealed several bacterial species that have not been previously described in reptiles. With an average of 6.3 different isolates from the respiratory tract and/or oral cavity, boids with inflammatory disease harboured significantly more bacterial species than boids without inflammatory disease (average 2.8 isolates).

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D012137 Respiratory System The tubular and cavernous organs and structures, by means of which pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange between ambient air and the blood are brought about. Respiratory Tract,Respiratory Systems,Respiratory Tracts,System, Respiratory,Tract, Respiratory
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001420 Bacteria, Aerobic Bacteria which require oxygen in order to grow and survive. Aerobic Bacteria
D001424 Bacterial Infections Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified. Bacterial Disease,Bacterial Infection,Infection, Bacterial,Infections, Bacterial,Bacterial Diseases
D012911 Snakes Limbless REPTILES of the suborder Serpentes. Serpentes,Ophidia,Snake
D015373 Bacterial Typing Techniques Procedures for identifying types and strains of bacteria. The most frequently employed typing systems are BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING and SEROTYPING as well as bacteriocin typing and biotyping. Bacteriocin Typing,Biotyping, Bacterial,Typing, Bacterial,Bacterial Biotyping,Bacterial Typing,Bacterial Typing Technic,Bacterial Typing Technics,Bacterial Typing Technique,Technic, Bacterial Typing,Technics, Bacterial Typing,Technique, Bacterial Typing,Techniques, Bacterial Typing,Typing Technic, Bacterial,Typing Technics, Bacterial,Typing Technique, Bacterial,Typing Techniques, Bacterial,Typing, Bacteriocin
D019032 Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization A mass spectrometric technique that is used for the analysis of large biomolecules. Analyte molecules are embedded in an excess matrix of small organic molecules that show a high resonant absorption at the laser wavelength used. The matrix absorbs the laser energy, thus inducing a soft disintegration of the sample-matrix mixture into free (gas phase) matrix and analyte molecules and molecular ions. In general, only molecular ions of the analyte molecules are produced, and almost no fragmentation occurs. This makes the method well suited for molecular weight determinations and mixture analysis. Laser Desorption-Ionization Mass Spectrometry, Matrix-Assisted,MALD-MS,MALDI,Mass Spectrometry, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization,Mass Spectroscopy, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization,Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization Mass Spectrometry,Spectroscopy, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization,MALDI-MS,MS-MALD,SELDI-TOF-MS,Surface Enhanced Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry,Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry, Matrix Assisted,MALDI MS,Mass Spectrometry, Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization,Mass Spectroscopy, Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization,Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry

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