Biomaterial Database

Protein disulphide isomerase, a multifunctional endoplasmic reticulum protein. 1989

J A Bassuk, and R A Berg

Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway 08854-5635.

Protein disulphide isomerase (E.C. 5.3.4.1) has been purified, cloned, and sequenced from a variety of vertebrate tissues. The enzyme and its isoforms have been assigned a role in four functional activities: (1) hydroxylation of proline residues in procollagen; (2) disulphide bond oxidation, isomerization, and reduction; (3) the major non-nuclear binding protein of the thyroid hormone 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine; and (4) a component of oligosaccharide transferase. The concentration of the enzyme has been shown to be positively correlated with an endoplasmic reticulum network which is active in secreting disulphide-bonded polypeptides. The enzyme is directed into the endoplasmic reticulum by virtue of a 19 residue N-terminal signal peptide; a four amino acid C-terminal KDEL sequence prevents the enzyme from being secreted. Careful inspection of the sequence data of the isoforms from human tissues reveals a 97% similarity; whereas, analyses of the data from chick tissues reveals only a 80% level of similarity. Chromosomal localizations using human cDNA probes against different human isoforms have assigned the gene(s) to opposite ends of the long arm of chromosome 17. The compiled data suggest the presence of a family of related polypeptides, all of which reside within the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007535	Isomerases	A class of enzymes that catalyze geometric or structural changes within a molecule to form a single product. The reactions do not involve a net change in the concentrations of compounds other than the substrate and the product.(from Dorland, 28th ed) EC 5.	Isomerase
D008565	Membrane Proteins	Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.	Cell Membrane Protein,Cell Membrane Proteins,Cell Surface Protein,Cell Surface Proteins,Integral Membrane Proteins,Membrane-Associated Protein,Surface Protein,Surface Proteins,Integral Membrane Protein,Membrane Protein,Membrane-Associated Proteins,Membrane Associated Protein,Membrane Associated Proteins,Membrane Protein, Cell,Membrane Protein, Integral,Membrane Proteins, Integral,Protein, Cell Membrane,Protein, Cell Surface,Protein, Integral Membrane,Protein, Membrane,Protein, Membrane-Associated,Protein, Surface,Proteins, Cell Membrane,Proteins, Cell Surface,Proteins, Integral Membrane,Proteins, Membrane,Proteins, Membrane-Associated,Proteins, Surface,Surface Protein, Cell
D008969	Molecular Sequence Data	Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.	Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D011347	Procollagen	A biosynthetic precursor of collagen containing additional amino acid sequences at the amino-terminal and carboxyl-terminal ends of the polypeptide chains.	Protocollagen,Procollagen Type M
D011393	Procollagen-Proline Dioxygenase	A mixed-function oxygenase that catalyzes the hydroxylation of a prolyl-glycyl containing peptide, usually in PROTOCOLLAGEN, to a hydroxyprolylglycyl-containing-peptide. The enzyme utilizes molecular OXYGEN with a concomitant oxidative decarboxylation of 2-oxoglutarate to SUCCINATE. The enzyme occurs as a tetramer of two alpha and two beta subunits. The beta subunit of procollagen-proline dioxygenase is identical to the enzyme PROTEIN DISULFIDE-ISOMERASES.	Protocollagen Prolyl Hydroxylase,Procollagen Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase,4-Hydroxylase, Procollagen Prolyl,Dioxygenase, Procollagen-Proline,Hydroxylase, Protocollagen Prolyl,Procollagen Proline Dioxygenase,Procollagen Prolyl 4 Hydroxylase,Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase, Procollagen,Prolyl Hydroxylase, Protocollagen
D002352	Carrier Proteins	Proteins that bind or transport specific substances in the blood, within the cell, or across cell membranes.	Binding Proteins,Carrier Protein,Transport Protein,Transport Proteins,Binding Protein,Protein, Carrier,Proteins, Carrier
D002886	Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17	A specific pair of GROUP E CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.	Chromosome 17
D004721	Endoplasmic Reticulum	A system of cisternae in the CYTOPLASM of many cells. In places the endoplasmic reticulum is continuous with the plasma membrane (CELL MEMBRANE) or outer membrane of the nuclear envelope. If the outer surfaces of the endoplasmic reticulum membranes are coated with ribosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum is said to be rough-surfaced (ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, ROUGH); otherwise it is said to be smooth-surfaced (ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, SMOOTH). (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)	Ergastoplasm,Reticulum, Endoplasmic
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000097810	Thyroid Hormone-Binding Proteins	Membrane-bound proteins found in the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM of CULTURED CELLS and NEOPLASMS. They were identified originally based on their capacity to bind THYROID HORMONE.	3,5,3'-triiodothyronine-Binding Protein,Cytosolic Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein,Pyruvate Kinase Muscle Isozyme,Pyruvate Kinase, M1 Isozyme,T3-Binding Protein p55,T4-Binding Protein p55,Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein,Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein p55,Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein p58,Triiodothyronine-Binding Protein p55