Locally advanced rectal cancer: the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. 2014

Rossana Berardi, and Elena Maccaroni, and Azzurra Onofri, and Francesca Morgese, and Mariangela Torniai, and Michela Tiberi, and Consuelo Ferrini, and Stefano Cascinu
Rossana Berardi, Elena Maccaroni, Azzurra Onofri, Francesca Morgese, Mariangela Torniai, Michela Tiberi, Consuelo Ferrini, Stefano Cascinu, Medical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I, GM Lancisi, G Salesi di Ancona, 60126 Ancona, Italy.

Rectal cancer accounts for a relevant part of colorectal cancer cases, with a mortality of 4-10/100000 per year. The development of locoregional recurrences and the occurrence of distant metastases both influences the prognosis of these patients. In the last two decades, new multimodality strategies have improved the prognosis of locally advanced rectal cancer with a significant reduction of local relapse and an increase in terms of overall survival. Radical surgery still remains the principal curative treatment and the introduction of total mesorectal excision has significantly achieved a reduction in terms of local recurrence rates. The employment of neoadjuvant treatment, delivered before surgery, also achieved an improved local control and an increased sphincter preservation rate in low-lying tumors, with an acceptable acute and late toxicity. This review describes the multidisciplinary management of rectal cancer, focusing on the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and of post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy both in the standard combined modality treatment programs and in the ongoing research to improve these regimens.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009361 Neoplasm Invasiveness Ability of neoplasms to infiltrate and actively destroy surrounding tissue. Invasiveness, Neoplasm,Neoplasm Invasion,Invasion, Neoplasm
D009362 Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site. Metastase,Metastasis,Metastases, Neoplasm,Metastasis, Neoplasm,Neoplasm Metastases,Metastases
D009364 Neoplasm Recurrence, Local The local recurrence of a neoplasm following treatment. It arises from microscopic cells of the original neoplasm that have escaped therapeutic intervention and later become clinically visible at the original site. Local Neoplasm Recurrence,Local Neoplasm Recurrences,Locoregional Neoplasm Recurrence,Neoplasm Recurrence, Locoregional,Neoplasm Recurrences, Local,Recurrence, Local Neoplasm,Recurrence, Locoregional Neoplasm,Recurrences, Local Neoplasm,Locoregional Neoplasm Recurrences,Neoplasm Recurrences, Locoregional,Recurrences, Locoregional Neoplasm
D012004 Rectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM. Cancer of Rectum,Rectal Cancer,Rectal Tumors,Cancer of the Rectum,Neoplasms, Rectal,Rectum Cancer,Rectum Neoplasms,Cancer, Rectal,Cancer, Rectum,Neoplasm, Rectal,Neoplasm, Rectum,Rectal Cancers,Rectal Neoplasm,Rectal Tumor,Rectum Cancers,Rectum Neoplasm,Tumor, Rectal
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013505 Digestive System Surgical Procedures Surgery performed on the digestive system or its parts. Gastrointestinal Surgical Procedures,Digestive System Surgical Procedure,Gastrointestinal Surgical Procedure,Procedure, Digestive System Surgical,Procedure, Gastrointestinal Surgical,Procedures, Digestive System Surgical,Procedures, Gastrointestinal Surgical,Surgical Procedure, Digestive System,Surgical Procedure, Gastrointestinal,Surgical Procedures, Digestive System,Surgical Procedures, Gastrointestinal
D016896 Treatment Outcome Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series. Rehabilitation Outcome,Treatment Effectiveness,Clinical Effectiveness,Clinical Efficacy,Patient-Relevant Outcome,Treatment Efficacy,Effectiveness, Clinical,Effectiveness, Treatment,Efficacy, Clinical,Efficacy, Treatment,Outcome, Patient-Relevant,Outcome, Rehabilitation,Outcome, Treatment,Outcomes, Patient-Relevant,Patient Relevant Outcome,Patient-Relevant Outcomes
D017024 Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Drug therapy given to augment or stimulate some other form of treatment such as surgery or radiation therapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy is commonly used in the therapy of cancer and can be administered before or after the primary treatment. Adjuvant Chemotherapy,Drug Therapy, Adjuvant,Adjuvant Drug Therapy
D058990 Molecular Targeted Therapy Treatments with drugs which interact with or block synthesis of specific cellular components characteristic of the individual's disease in order to stop or interrupt the specific biochemical dysfunction involved in progression of the disease. Targeted Molecular Therapy,Molecular Targeted Therapies,Molecular Therapy, Targeted,Targeted Molecular Therapies,Targeted Therapy, Molecular,Therapy, Molecular Targeted,Therapy, Targeted Molecular
D059039 Standard of Care The minimum acceptable patient care, based on statutes, court decisions, policies, or professional guidelines. Standards of Care,Care Standard,Care Standards

Related Publications

Rossana Berardi, and Elena Maccaroni, and Azzurra Onofri, and Francesca Morgese, and Mariangela Torniai, and Michela Tiberi, and Consuelo Ferrini, and Stefano Cascinu
June 2016, Revue medicale suisse,
Rossana Berardi, and Elena Maccaroni, and Azzurra Onofri, and Francesca Morgese, and Mariangela Torniai, and Michela Tiberi, and Consuelo Ferrini, and Stefano Cascinu
April 2024, Expert review of anticancer therapy,
Rossana Berardi, and Elena Maccaroni, and Azzurra Onofri, and Francesca Morgese, and Mariangela Torniai, and Michela Tiberi, and Consuelo Ferrini, and Stefano Cascinu
January 2005, I supplementi di Tumori : official journal of Societa italiana di cancerologia ... [et al.],
Rossana Berardi, and Elena Maccaroni, and Azzurra Onofri, and Francesca Morgese, and Mariangela Torniai, and Michela Tiberi, and Consuelo Ferrini, and Stefano Cascinu
May 2013, Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN,
Rossana Berardi, and Elena Maccaroni, and Azzurra Onofri, and Francesca Morgese, and Mariangela Torniai, and Michela Tiberi, and Consuelo Ferrini, and Stefano Cascinu
December 2015, Clinical colorectal cancer,
Rossana Berardi, and Elena Maccaroni, and Azzurra Onofri, and Francesca Morgese, and Mariangela Torniai, and Michela Tiberi, and Consuelo Ferrini, and Stefano Cascinu
February 2024, Diseases of the colon and rectum,
Rossana Berardi, and Elena Maccaroni, and Azzurra Onofri, and Francesca Morgese, and Mariangela Torniai, and Michela Tiberi, and Consuelo Ferrini, and Stefano Cascinu
January 2007, European review for medical and pharmacological sciences,
Rossana Berardi, and Elena Maccaroni, and Azzurra Onofri, and Francesca Morgese, and Mariangela Torniai, and Michela Tiberi, and Consuelo Ferrini, and Stefano Cascinu
May 2021, Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland,
Rossana Berardi, and Elena Maccaroni, and Azzurra Onofri, and Francesca Morgese, and Mariangela Torniai, and Michela Tiberi, and Consuelo Ferrini, and Stefano Cascinu
July 2021, JCO oncology practice,
Rossana Berardi, and Elena Maccaroni, and Azzurra Onofri, and Francesca Morgese, and Mariangela Torniai, and Michela Tiberi, and Consuelo Ferrini, and Stefano Cascinu
January 2020, Current treatment options in oncology,
Copied contents to your clipboard!