Structure and function of serotonin G protein-coupled receptors. 2015

John D McCorvy, and Bryan L Roth
Department of Pharmacology and Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.

Serotonin receptors are prevalent throughout the nervous system and the periphery, and remain one of the most lucrative and promising drug discovery targets for disorders ranging from migraine headaches to neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and depression. There are 14 distinct serotonin receptors, of which 13 are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which are targets for approximately 40% of the approved medicines. Recent crystallographic and biochemical evidence has provided a converging understanding of the basic structure and functional mechanics of GPCR activation. Currently, two GPCR crystal structures exist for the serotonin family, the 5-HT1B and 5-HT2B receptor, with the antimigraine and valvulopathic drug ergotamine bound. The first serotonin crystal structures not only provide the first evidence of serotonin receptor topography but also provide mechanistic explanations into functional selectivity or biased agonism. This review will detail the findings of these crystal structures from a molecular and mutagenesis perspective for driving rational drug design for novel therapeutics incorporating biased signaling.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008881 Migraine Disorders A class of disabling primary headache disorders, characterized by recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches. The two major subtypes are common migraine (without aura) and classic migraine (with aura or neurological symptoms). (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1) Acute Confusional Migraine,Headache, Migraine,Status Migrainosus,Abdominal Migraine,Cervical Migraine Syndrome,Hemicrania Migraine,Migraine,Migraine Headache,Migraine Variant,Sick Headache,Abdominal Migraines,Acute Confusional Migraines,Cervical Migraine Syndromes,Disorder, Migraine,Disorders, Migraine,Headache, Sick,Headaches, Migraine,Headaches, Sick,Hemicrania Migraines,Migraine Disorder,Migraine Headaches,Migraine Syndrome, Cervical,Migraine Syndromes, Cervical,Migraine Variants,Migraine, Abdominal,Migraine, Acute Confusional,Migraine, Hemicrania,Migraines,Migraines, Abdominal,Migraines, Acute Confusional,Migraines, Hemicrania,Sick Headaches,Variant, Migraine,Variants, Migraine
D008958 Models, Molecular Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures. Molecular Models,Model, Molecular,Molecular Model
D011487 Protein Conformation The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain). Conformation, Protein,Conformations, Protein,Protein Conformations
D011985 Receptors, Serotonin Cell-surface proteins that bind SEROTONIN and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behavior of cells. Several types of serotonin receptors have been recognized which differ in their pharmacology, molecular biology, and mode of action. 5-HT Receptor,5-HT Receptors,5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor,5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptors,Receptors, Tryptamine,Serotonin Receptor,Serotonin Receptors,Tryptamine Receptor,Tryptamine Receptors,Receptors, 5-HT,Receptors, 5-Hydroxytryptamine,5 HT Receptor,5 HT Receptors,5 Hydroxytryptamine Receptor,5 Hydroxytryptamine Receptors,Receptor, 5-HT,Receptor, 5-Hydroxytryptamine,Receptor, Serotonin,Receptor, Tryptamine,Receptors, 5 HT,Receptors, 5 Hydroxytryptamine
D004878 Ergotamine A vasoconstrictor found in ergot of Central Europe. It is a serotonin agonist that has been used as an oxytocic agent and in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS. Ergotamine Tartrate,Cornutamine,Ergo Sanol,Ergo-Kranit,Ergodryl Mono,Ergomar,Ergostat,Ergotamine Tartrate (2:1),Ergotaminine,Gynergen,Lingraine,Ergo Kranit,Mono, Ergodryl,Tartrate, Ergotamine
D006349 Heart Valve Diseases Pathological conditions involving any of the various HEART VALVES and the associated structures (PAPILLARY MUSCLES and CHORDAE TENDINEAE). Heart Valvular Disease,Valvular Heart Diseases,Disease, Heart Valvular,Heart Disease, Valvular,Heart Valve Disease,Heart Valvular Diseases,Valve Disease, Heart,Valvular Disease, Heart,Valvular Heart Disease
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000495 Allosteric Site A site on an enzyme which upon binding of a modulator, causes the enzyme to undergo a conformational change that may alter its catalytic or binding properties. Allosteric Sites,Site, Allosteric,Sites, Allosteric
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014662 Vasoconstrictor Agents Drugs used to cause constriction of the blood vessels. Vasoactive Agonist,Vasoactive Agonists,Vasoconstrictor,Vasoconstrictor Agent,Vasoconstrictor Drug,Vasopressor Agent,Vasopressor Agents,Vasoconstrictor Drugs,Vasoconstrictors,Agent, Vasoconstrictor,Agent, Vasopressor,Agents, Vasoconstrictor,Agents, Vasopressor,Agonist, Vasoactive,Agonists, Vasoactive,Drug, Vasoconstrictor,Drugs, Vasoconstrictor

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