Biomaterial Database

[Sphingolipids in skeletal muscles of C57B1/6 mice after short-term simulated microgravity]. 2014

I G Bryndina, and M N Shalagina, and S V Ovechkin, and N G Ovchinina

For the first time in skeletal muscle, the sphingolipid profile and key enzymes involved in the generation of ceramide in cells were investigated in simulated microgravity. It was found that, in C57B1/6 mice, the 4-day hindlimb unloading, in addition to reducing the mass of m. soleus, leads to the ceramide accumulation (3-fold) and the decrease of sphingomyelin content in this muscle (7.2-fold), as well as to the increase (2.7-fold) of protein level of acid sphingomyelinase. In a loaded m. biceps brachii the amount of ceramide is also enhanced, but both the amount of sphingomyelin and sphingomyelinase, as well as the muscle mass do not change, while the level of serine palmitoyltranspherase becomes significantly lower than in control mice. Taking into account the negative effects of ceramide in skeletal muscle (insulin resistance, inhibition of protein synthesis and increase of its decay) we can assume that sphingolipid mechanisms may be involved in the development of structural and functional abnormalities of skeletal muscle under conditions of weightlessness.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008810	Mice, Inbred C57BL	One of the first INBRED MOUSE STRAINS to be sequenced. This strain is commonly used as genetic background for transgenic mouse models. Refractory to many tumors, this strain is also preferred model for studying role of genetic variations in development of diseases.	Mice, C57BL,Mouse, C57BL,Mouse, Inbred C57BL,C57BL Mice,C57BL Mice, Inbred,C57BL Mouse,C57BL Mouse, Inbred,Inbred C57BL Mice,Inbred C57BL Mouse
D002518	Ceramides	Members of the class of neutral glycosphingolipids. They are the basic units of SPHINGOLIPIDS. They are sphingoids attached via their amino groups to a long chain fatty acyl group. They abnormally accumulate in FABRY DISEASE.	Ceramide
D005552	Forelimb	A front limb of a quadruped. (The Random House College Dictionary, 1980)	Forelimbs
D006614	Hindlimb	Either of two extremities of four-footed non-primate land animals. It usually consists of a FEMUR; TIBIA; and FIBULA; tarsals; METATARSALS; and TOES. (From Storer et al., General Zoology, 6th ed, p73)	Hindlimbs
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013108	Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase	An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin to ceramide (N-acylsphingosine) plus choline phosphate. A defect in this enzyme leads to NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE. EC 3.1.4.12.	Sphingomyelin Cholinephosphohydrolase,Sphingomyelin Cleaving Enzyme,Sphingomyelinase,Sphingomyelinase C
D013109	Sphingomyelins	A class of sphingolipids found largely in the brain and other nervous tissue. They contain phosphocholine or phosphoethanolamine as their polar head group so therefore are the only sphingolipids classified as PHOSPHOLIPIDS.	Sphingomyelin
D051102	Serine C-Palmitoyltransferase	A key enzyme in SPHINGOLIPIDS biosynthesis, this enzyme catalyzes the pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent condensation of L-SERINE and PALMITOYL COENZYME A to 3-dehydro-D-sphinganine. The enzyme consists of two different subunits.	Long Chain Base Biosynthesis Protein 1,Long Chain Base Biosynthesis Protein 2,Palmitoyl-CoA-L-Serine C-Palmitoyltransferase (Decarboxylating),Palmitoyl-Coenzyme A-L-Serine C-Palmitoyltransferase (Decarboxylating),Serine Palmitoyltransferase,Serine Palmitoyltransferase 1,Serine Palmitoyltransferase 2,Serine Palmitoyltransferase, Long Chain Base Subunit 1,Serine Palmitoyltransferase, Long Chain Base Subunit 2,Serine-Palmitoyl-CoA Transferase 2,C-Palmitoyltransferase, Serine,Palmitoyltransferase 1, Serine,Palmitoyltransferase 2, Serine,Palmitoyltransferase, Serine,Serine C Palmitoyltransferase,Serine Palmitoyl CoA Transferase 2,Transferase 2, Serine-Palmitoyl-CoA
D051379	Mice	The common name for the genus Mus.	Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus