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Direct immunofluorescence for immunobullous and other skin diseases. 2015

Alireza Ghanadan, and Amene Saghazadeh, and Maryam Daneshpazhooh, and Nima Rezaei
Department of Pathology, Razi Skin Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

A swift glance at ample evidence currently available about the assay clearly illustrates that the development of direct immunofluorescence (DIF), in which direct fluorescent antibodies are utilized to identify the target antigen, has been of immense importance. The immunoreactant deposits have been delineated by the DIF assay in three main locations, including throughout the epidermis, at the dermoepidermal junction (also known as the basement membrane zone) and in and/or around blood vessel walls. DIF testing can be conducted on several specimen sources, which are categorized according to feasibility of collection into invasive (e.g., skin) and non-invasive (e.g., hair). This review was intended to indicate that inspection of immunoreactant deposits via DIF is highly instrumental in diagnosing and monitoring the immunobullous and other diseases of the skin.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D001808 Blood Vessels Any of the tubular vessels conveying the blood (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins). Blood Vessel,Vessel, Blood,Vessels, Blood
D004817 Epidermis The external, nonvascular layer of the skin. It is made up, from within outward, of five layers of EPITHELIUM: (1) basal layer (stratum basale epidermidis); (2) spinous layer (stratum spinosum epidermidis); (3) granular layer (stratum granulosum epidermidis); (4) clear layer (stratum lucidum epidermidis); and (5) horny layer (stratum corneum epidermidis).
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000906 Antibodies Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).
D000936 Antigen-Antibody Complex The complex formed by the binding of antigen and antibody molecules. The deposition of large antigen-antibody complexes leading to tissue damage causes IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASES. Immune Complex,Antigen-Antibody Complexes,Immune Complexes,Antigen Antibody Complex,Antigen Antibody Complexes,Complex, Antigen-Antibody,Complex, Immune,Complexes, Antigen-Antibody,Complexes, Immune
D000941 Antigens Substances that are recognized by the immune system and induce an immune reaction. Antigen
D001485 Basement Membrane A darkly stained mat-like EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX (ECM) that separates cell layers, such as EPITHELIUM from ENDOTHELIUM or a layer of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. The ECM layer that supports an overlying EPITHELIUM or ENDOTHELIUM is called basal lamina. Basement membrane (BM) can be formed by the fusion of either two adjacent basal laminae or a basal lamina with an adjacent reticular lamina of connective tissue. BM, composed mainly of TYPE IV COLLAGEN; glycoprotein LAMININ; and PROTEOGLYCAN, provides barriers as well as channels between interacting cell layers. Basal Lamina,Basement Lamina,Lamina Densa,Lamina Lucida,Lamina Reticularis,Basement Membranes,Densas, Lamina,Lamina, Basal,Lamina, Basement,Lucida, Lamina,Membrane, Basement,Membranes, Basement,Reticularis, Lamina
D012871 Skin Diseases Diseases involving the DERMIS or EPIDERMIS. Dermatoses,Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders,Dermatosis,Skin Disease
D019085 Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct A form of fluorescent antibody technique utilizing a fluorochrome conjugated to an antibody, which is added directly to a tissue or cell suspension for the detection of a specific antigen. (Bennington, Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984) Immunofluorescence Antibody Test, Direct,Immunofluorescence Technique, Direct,Direct Fluorescent Antibody Technic,Direct Fluorescent Antibody Technique,Direct Immunofluorescence,Direct Immunofluorescence Assay,Fluorescent Antibody Technic, Direct,Immunofluorescence Technic, Direct,Assay, Direct Immunofluorescence,Assays, Direct Immunofluorescence,Direct Immunofluorescence Assays,Direct Immunofluorescence Technic,Direct Immunofluorescence Technics,Direct Immunofluorescence Technique,Direct Immunofluorescence Techniques,Direct Immunofluorescences,Immunofluorescence Assay, Direct,Immunofluorescence Assays, Direct,Immunofluorescence Technics, Direct,Immunofluorescence Techniques, Direct,Immunofluorescence, Direct,Immunofluorescences, Direct

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